In summary, the recall of MPs at national level exists in Europe only in Latvia and Liechtenstein, where it concerns the Parliament as a whole, and – based on specific grounds – in the United Kingdom for individual MPs. It is admitted in about a dozen of countries outside of Europe. Recall of the President is possible in two European states (the Republic of Moldova and Romania) and four other countries. At the level of federate entities or the subnational level too, provisions on recall appear also to concern members of legislative/deliberative bodies more often than the executive. This may be explained by the fact that direct election of the executive branch of government is not the rule.