Given the transnational nature of the problem and the essential role played by private actors, in particular by the internet intermediaries (i.e. mainly search-engine and social media companies, and also internet service providers), the Venice Commission has recommended64 to strengthen the international framework (1) to establish more efficient mechanisms of transnational cooperation among national authorities and private actors, and, if possible, (2) to procure a greater uniformity among national legislations. Similar objectives have been set by the UN Global Programme on Cybercrime.