While media are essential for a free, fair and transparent electoral process, their role remains inherently delicate and may give rise to distortions, opacity or manipulation. As intermediaries between political debate and the electorate, they do not merely convey information but also contribute to shaping both its content and the way in which it is ultimately perceived. Therefore, although the Code of good practice in electoral matters does not explicitly mention “disinformation,” it lays the groundwork for combating it – for example, by mandating the impartiality of public media, equal access of candidates to the press, and prohibiting the use of State resources in propaganda.87 Such measures prevent undue advantages and help ensure that citizens have access to a plurality of reliable and transparently presented information, in line with the standards of the Council of Europe, in particular in the field of migration and asylum.