Third, the electoral process has many steps, e.g., candidate registration, compilation of the register of voters, and ballot counting. Each step can suffer from irregularity (in different forms and shapes). Therefore, statistical tools cannot test for just one form or source of irregularity. While there are sophisticated tests for some instances and forms, tests for others are much more rudimentary, and for many steps in the election process, no systematic data and/or tests are available.