Almost all modern democracies are representative democracies. Elections are essential tools to enable people to take part in the establishment of a government and the conduct of public affairs. Political rights entitle people with rights to elect public officials or themselves to hold public office. The right to vote and to be elected are key elements of political rights. All modern democracies established these political rights in constitutions. The precise contents of political rights are defined by the constitutions or by laws implementing them.