In democratic institutions, a distinction should be made regarding the access to public facilities of political parties which are or not represented in parliament, considering that candidates without representation in parliament do not have easily access to such public facilities. Opposition parties and candidates should have access to administrative resources following the principle of equality. Governmental action and political campaigning should be distinct activities, following the separation of roles for political actors, which include state authorities and political parties. It is therefore important to design appropriately the law, including public funding of political parties and electoral campaigns, in order to reflect these various situations, both in presidential and parliamentary systems.