Different arrangements of the electoral system may facilitate minority representation:

- in presence of minorities concentrated territorially single member districts may provide sufficient minority representation;

- proportional representation systems may assist in the representation of minorities;

- some forms of preference voting – single transferable vote (proportional system), alternative vote (majority system) – may facilitate minority representation in connection with ranking candidates in order of choice by voters;

- lower threshold (or exemption from the threshold) may enhance the integration of national minorities in governance (see the HCNM document, paragraph 7);

- delimitation of electoral districts should facilitate equitable representation (see the HCNM document, paragraph 15).