A number of countries with closed-list systems include gender quotas (more easily than with open list systems). For example, in Mexico,the Constitution has been amended to include parity, both for federal and local congresses. Before that, Electoral Law included a gender quota (40%), which was partly applied (with a few exceptions). In 2012, the Electoral Court ruled that all political parties should comply with the quota, no matter which nominating procedure was used. National Electoral Law states that political parties should nominate 50% of each gender on each federal congress chamber, as well as in the local congresses.