While most CoE member states do not provide for a complete ban on voting while in prison, some of them disenfranchise citizens who have been sentenced for certain crimes or to a certain period of detention. Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 of the Convention, which enshrines the individual's capacity to influence the composition of the legislature, does not exclude the possibility of restrictions on electoral rights being imposed on an individual who has, for example, seriously abused a public position or whose conduct has threatened to undermine the rule of law or democratic foundations (see Frodl v. Austria, 20201/04, 8 April 2010, § 26).According to the ECtHR, however, even such provisions must be taken by a judge, taking into account the specific circumstances of the case, and there must be a link between the offence committed and issues relating to elections and democratic institutions (see Frodl v. Austria, 20201/04, 8 April 2010). These criteria aim at establishing disenfranchisement as an exception, even for convicted prisoners. Additionally, in 2015 the European Court of Justice decided that EU member states can ban prisoners’ voting rights (only) as long as the decision to do so takes into account the nature and gravity of the criminal offence committed and the duration of the penalty (Thierry Delvigne v. Commune de Lesparre Médoc and Préfet de la Gironde, C-650/13, 6 October 2015).