Due to different legal and political traditions, a variety of procedures are used in the resolution of election disputes. In many Western Europe states, election appeals are heard by ordinary administrative and judicial bodies operating in accordance with special procedures. In contrast, in most Central and Eastern European states the responsibility for deciding on election complaints and appeals is shared between (formally) independent electoral commissions and ordinary courts. In several countries, mostly outside Europe, standing special electoral courts are responsible for resolving election disputes. In the UK, ad hoc election courts are formed when a complaint is made. Although there is no single “best” method suitable for all countries, the procedure before electoral administrative bodies is usually more accessible for voters and faster than before courts. However, the electoral process should not be left under the complete and final authority of an administrative body. Particularly decisions on constitutionally guaranteed rights and the validity of elections (see below) should be subject to judicial review.