Council of Europe - Venice Commission

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 26; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68;

MOLDOVA- Law on the Election of the President (1996)

Article 16; Article 21; Article 31;

MOLDOVA_Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

Article 107; Article 108; Article 109; Article 110; Article 111; Article 35 (a);

MONTENEGRO - Law on the Election of the President (2023)

Article 15; Article 9;

MONTENEGRO - The Decree on Proclamation of the Law on Election of the President of Montenegro (2016)

Article 15; Article 9;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

Article 107; Article 108; Article 108; Article 109; Article 109; Article 110; Article 110; Article 111;

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (1989)

Article 2D9 (D9); Article 2G5 (G5); Article 2I7 (I7); Article 2I8 (I8); Article 2I9 (I9); Article 2J35 (J35); Article 2M8 (M8); Article 2N10 (N10); Article 2N11 (N11); Article 2N8 (N8); Article 2O2 (O2); Article 2P20 (P20);

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (2013)

Section I7;

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

Article 141; Article 147; Article 148; Article 150; Article 162; Article 177 (a); Article 37; Article 48; Article 51; Article 67; Article 73; Article 74; Article 74 (a); Article 76 (c); Article 149; Article 149 (a);

NORWAY - Election Act (2018)

Paragraph 13 (1); Paragraph 13 (2);

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

Section 10 (8); Section 13 (1); Section 13 (2); Section 13 (3); Section 15 (5); Section 2 (7); Section 2 (8); Section 6 (8);

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 111; Article 20; Article 205; Article 218; Article 241; Article 242; Article 243; Article 244; Article 245; Article 246; Article 250; Article 251; Article 254; Article 37; Article 53 (b); Article 82; Article 83; Article 9;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 103; Article 145; Article 148; Article 205; Article 242; Article 246; Article 250; Article 251; Article 254; Article 37; Article 82; Article 83; Article 9;

POLAND - Election Code Amendments (2023)

Article 20; Article 205 ; Article 410 ; Article 53 (b );

POLAND - Election of the President (2004)

Article 10; Article 11; Article 39; Article 40d (d); Article 42;

POLAND - Parliamentary Election Law (2001)

Article 123; Article 13; Article 28; Article 39; Article 78;

PORTUGAL - Electoral Law (2015)

Article 102; Article 103; Article 104; Article 105; Article 108; Article 110; Article 117; Article 118; Article 160; Article 167; Article 170; Article 30; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 40; Article 50; Article 97; Article 99;

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

Article 102; Article 103; Article 110; Article 113; Article 117; Article 118; Article 119; Article 30; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 40; Article 99;

PORTUGAL - National Election Commission (1978)

Article 5;

PORTUGAL - National Electoral Comission Law (1978)

Article 5;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

Article 175; Article 182; Article 183; Article 184; Article 185; Article 186; Article 187; Article 188; Article 189; Article 192; Rule 191;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

ROMANIA - Law 115 for the Election of Local Public Administration, Authorities, Amending the Law of Local Public Adminsitration No. 215-2001 (2024)

Article 85;

ROMANIA - Law for the Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2022)

Article 122; Article 54; Article 80;

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 100; Article 103; Article 114; Article 122; Article 22; Article 27; Article 31; Article 33; Article 41; Article 54; Article 80; Article 88; Article 94; Article 95; Article 96;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

Article 115; Article 12; Article 14; Article 18; Article 19; Article 47; Article 51; Article 57; Article 59; Article 62; Article 74; Article 80; Article 85; Article 93; Article 95; Article 96;

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

Article 115; Article 12; Article 14; Article 18; Article 19; Article 47; Article 74; Article 80; Article 93; Article 95; Article 96;

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 115; Article 12; Article 19; Article 47; Article 57; Article 59; Article 62; Article 80;

ROMANIA - Law No. 288 (2015)

Article 18; Article 8;

ROMANIA - Law no. 288 on the postal voting, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Auth (2015)

Article 18; Article 20; Article 8;

ROMANIA - Law no. 33 on the Rules and Regulations on the Elections to the european Parliament (2009)

Art. 5(2); Article 13; Article 14 (1); Article 18(1); Article 18(3); Article 19(1); Article 19(4); Article 19(7); Article 25;

ROMANIA - Law No. 334 (2006)

Article 24; Article 54; Article 56;

ROMANIA - Law no. 334/2006 on financing the activity of political parties and electoral campaigns (2006)

Article 19; Article 39; Article 43; Article 45;

ROMANIA - Law No. 370 (2024)

Article 17; Article 2; Article 20; Article 24; Article 25; Article 32; Article 42; Article 49; Article 50 ; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 55;

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 24; Article 25; Article 31; Article 42; Article 47; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 6; Article 7;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the President of Romania (2022)

Article 17; Article 2; Article 20; Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 32; Article 42; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 55;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

Article 115; Article 12; Article 14; Article 18; Article 19; Article 47; Article 51; Article 57; Article 59; Article 62; Article 74; Article 80; Article 85; Article 93; Article 95; Article 96;

ROMANIA - Law on the Organisation and Conduct of the Elections to the European Parliament (2022)

Article 11; Article 12; Article 15; Article 20; Article 31; Article 41; Article 43; Article 50; Article 52; Article 53; Article 69; Article 7; Article 73;

ROMANIA - Regulations for the 2016 Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2015)

Article 47;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 39;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 17; Article 20; Article 21; Article 23; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29; Article 36; Article 75; Article 78;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 17; Article 20; Article 21; Article 21; Article 23; Article 23; Article 25; Article 36; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 75; Article 78;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

Article 100; Article 18; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 31; Article 50; Article 51; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 88; Article 95; Article 98;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 12; Article 34; Article 35; Article 39; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 81; Article 83;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Electoral Legislation ()

Article 23; Article 30; Article 41; Article 44; Article 7;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Provisions Regulating the Election Campaign ()

Article 9;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (1993)

Article 36;

SERBIA - Law on Financing Political Activities (2019)

Article 35;

SERBIA - Law on Financing Political Activities (2022)

Article 35 ;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2011)

Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2020)

Article 49; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2020)

Article 46; Article 58; Article 89; Article 90; Article 91; Article 95; Article 96; Article 97;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Article 46; Article 58; Article 89; Article 90; Article 91; Article 95; Article 96; Article 97;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 18; Article 19; Article 95; Article 97;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of the President of the Republic (2022)

Article 22; Article 7;

SLOVAKIA - Act of the National Council on Local Elections (1998)

Article 7; Article 7;

SLOVAKIA - Act on conditions for the exercise of the right to vote (2019)

Article 16 ;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election of the President of the Slovak Republic, Plebiscite, Recalling of President and Amending of some other Acts (2008)

Article 1 (Section 11 );

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the Bodies of Self-government Regions and on Amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure (2001)

Article 15;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 18; Section 20; Section 24; Section 7;

SLOVENIA - Election of Slovenian Members of the European Parliament (2017)

Article 23; Article 5;

SLOVENIA - Election of Members of the European Parliament Act (2004)

Article 23; Article 5;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (2013)

Article 31;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (ZVRK) (2007)

Article 31;

SLOVENIA - Local Elections Act (2023)

Article 100; Article 101; Article 102; Article 96; Article 96a (a); Article 97; Article 98; Article 99;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2017)

Article 103; Article 105; Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 109;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2024)

Article 103; Article 105; Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 109;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2006)

Article 103; Article 105; Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 109;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 103; Article 104; Article 105; Article 106; Article 109;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

Article 109; Article 112; Article 113; Article 114; Article 115; Article 116; Article 117; Article 118; Article 119; Article 120; Article 225; Article 49; Article 68; Article 69;

SWEDEN - Elections act (2021)

15.1 ; 15.10; 15.11; 15.12; 15.13; 15.14; 15.15; 15.16; 15.3; 15.4; 15.5; 15.6; 15.7; 15.8; 15.9; 5.6;

SWEDEN - Elections Act (2005)

Article 1 (Chapter 15); Article 10 (Chapter 15); Article 11 (Chapter 15); Article 12 (Chapter 15); Article 15 (Chapter 15); Article 2 (Chapter 15); Article 3 (Chapter 15); Article 4 (Chapter 15); Article 5 (Chapter 14); Article 6 (Chapter 5); Article 6 (Chapter 15); Article 7 (Chapter 15); Article 8 (Chapter 15); Article 9 (Chapter 15);

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2022)

Article 78; Article 79 ; Article 80 ;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2015)

Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 141; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 149 (a); Article 150; Article 151; Article 177 (a); Article 191 (b); Article 31; Article 48; Article 48; Article 51; Article 67; Article 73; Article 74; Article 74 (a); Article 76 (c); Articulo 37;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Law on Referendum and Other Forms of Direct Vote of Citizens (2005)

Article 63; Article 64; Article 65;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Election of Members of Parliament (1998)

Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 45;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Local Elections (2004)

Article 35; Article 82;

TÜRKIYE - Amendments on Electoral Laws (2022)

Article 14 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg);

TÜRKIYE - Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers (1999)

Article 17;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Parliamentary Elections (2018)

Article 22;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

TÜRKIYE - Law on Elections of Local Administrations and Neighborhood Mukhtars and Board of Elderman (2012)

Article 14; Article 15; Article 25;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Presidential Elections with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

Article 10;

TÜRKIYE - Presidential Elections Law (2013)

Article 10;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of Deputies of Local Radas and of Village, Settlement, City Chairmen (1998)

Article 22; Article 26; Article 48;

UKRAINE - Law on All-Ukrainian and Local Referendums (1991)

Article 34;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2001)

Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 29; Article 31; Article 60;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 103; Article 104; Article 105; Article 107; Article 108; Article 109; Article 110; Article 111; Article 112; Article 113; Article 114; Article 115; Article 116; Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 43;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 105.; Article 108.; Article 109.; Article 110.; Article 111.; Article 112.; Article 113. ; Article 115.; Article 13.; Article 40. ; Article 43.; Article 74.; Article 87.; Article 91.; Article 94.; Article 95. ; Article 96.;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the President (2004)

UKRAINE - Law on the Central Election Commission (2004)

Article 14; Article 15; Article 4;

UNITED KINGDOM - European Parliamentary Elections Act (2002)

Article 2D9 (D9);

UNITED KINGDOM - Political Parties and Elections Act (2009)

Schedule 2, 2; Schedule 2, 6; Schedule 2, 7; Schedule 2, 8; Schedule 2, 9;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Amendements to the Constitution of 30 July of 2020 and to the Electoral Code of 5 Octobre 2020 (2020)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 45;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the Legislative Initiative of the Citizens (2018)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 49;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Practice (2011)

Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 114; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 116; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 118; Paragraph 120; Paragraph 121; Paragraph 122; Paragraph 123; Paragraph 124; Paragraph 125; Paragraph 126;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 101; Paragraph 102; Paragraph 104; Paragraph 109; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 94;

ALBANIA - Opinion on the Scope of the Power of the President to set the Dates of Elections (2019)

Paragraph 88;

ALBANIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2009)

Paragraph 54; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89;

ARMENIA - Joint Final Opinion on The Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17;

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 17 ; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 75; Paragraphe 30; Paragraphe 49; Paragraphe 50; Paragraphe 73; Paragraphe 75;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draf Electoral Code (As of 18 April 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 109; Paragraph 110; Paragraph 111; Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 114; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 116; Paragraph 117;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Referendum (2017)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 7; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 9;

ARMENIA - Second Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (As Amended on 30 June 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72;

ARMENIA- Final Opinion on the Amendments to the Electoral Code (2005)

Paragraph 27; Paragraph 4;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78;

AZERBAIJAN - Final Opinion on the amendments to the Election Code (2005)

Paragraph 35;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47;

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Amendments to the Electoral Code of the Republic of Belarus (2010)

Paragraph 5.62 (.62);

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2006)

Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 86;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Amicus Curiae brief for the Constitutional Court on certain provisions of the Election Law, of the constitution of the federation and of the statue of the city of Mostar (2010)

Paragraph 3;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Joint Opinion on amendments to the Election Law (2008)

Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39;

BULGARIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code (2017)

Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Election Code (2014)

Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2011)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 13.a (.a); Paragraph 13.b (.b ); Paragraph 13.c (.c); Paragraph 5.b (.b);

CROATIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the State Election Commission (2006)

Paragraph 51;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 9;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code and to the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Georgia (2023)

Paragraph 12;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Article 79 of the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2006)

Paragraph 128; Paragraph 129; Paragraph 130; Paragraph 131; Paragraph 132; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 13.70 (.70); Paragraph 13.71 (.71);

GEORGIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 61; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Draft Organic Law on: Making amendments and additions into the Organic Law-Election Code of Georgia (2005)

Paragraph 36;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2002)

Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2004)

Paragraph 45; Paragraph 47;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 101; Paragraph 102; Paragraph 103; Paragraph 128; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

HAITI - Opinion on the draft referendum decree (2025)

Section 49. ; Section 50. ; Section 51. ; Section 52.; Section 53. ; Section 54. ; Section 55. ; Section 56. ;

HUNGARY - Opinion on act LXXIX of 2024 amending certain laws relating to elections (2025)

Section 48. ;

Joint Guidelines for Preventing and Responding to the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2016)

II - C. Remedies and sanctions (1. Complaints and appeals); II-B. A. Principles (1. Rule of law);

KOSOVO - Kosovo - Opinion on the “draft law on amending and supplementing the Law no. 03/l-174 on the Financing of Political Entities (Amended and Supplemented by the Law no. 04/l-058 and the Law no. 04/l-122) and the Law no. 003/l-073 on General Elections (2018)

Paragraph 56;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Presidential and Parliamentary Elections, The Draft Law on Elections to Local Governments and the Draft Law on the Formation of Election Commissions (2011)

Paragraph 110; Paragraph 111; Paragraph 112;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Law (2014)

Paragraph 120; Paragraph 121; Paragraph 122; Paragraph 123; Paragraph 124; Paragraph 125; Paragraph 126;

KYRGYZSTAN - Joint Opinion on the Amendments to some Legislative Acts Related to Sanctions for Violation of Electoral Legislation (2020)

Paragraph 41;

MEXICO- Opinion on the Draft Constitutional Amendments Concerning theElectoral System (2022)

Paragraph 61; Paragraph 68;

MEXICO- Opinion on the Electoral Legislation of Mexico (2013)

Paragraph 9;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code and other Related Laws Concerning Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

Paragraph 20; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinión on the Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of the Parliament) (2018)

Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Legal Framework of Governing the Funding of Political Parties and Electoral Campaigns (2017)

Paragraph 67;

MOLDOVA – Urgent joint opinion on the draft Law no. 263 amending the Electoral Code, the Contravention Code and the Code of Audiovisual Media Services (2020)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 68;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Working Text amending the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 4.56 (.56);

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 68; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 94;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 74; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 48; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 67;

MOLDOVA- Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 109; Paragraph 110; Paragraph 111; Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 115;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 52; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 88;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90;

MONTENEGRO - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of Members of Parliament and Councillors (2020)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85;

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 17;

NORWAY- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2010)

Paragraph 2; Paragraph 3.a (.a); Paragraph 3.b (.b); Paragraph 5;

PERU-Opinion on the draft amendment of Article 99 of the Constitution concerning the impeachment of members of election management bodies (2025)

Section 109.; Section 119.;

Principles for a Fundamental Rights-Complaint use of Digital Technologies in Electoral Processes (2020)

Paragraph 57; Paragraph 7;

Referendums in Europe - An Analysis of the Legal Rules in European States (2005)

Paragraph 146; Paragraph 147; Paragraph 148; Paragraph 149; Paragraph 150; Paragraph 151; Paragraph 152; Paragraph 153; Paragraph 154; Paragraph 155; Paragraph 156; Paragraph 251; Paragraph 252; Paragraph 253; Paragraph 254; Paragraph 255; Paragraph 256; Paragraph 257;

Report on Election Dispute Resolution (2020)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 100; Paragraph 101; Paragraph 102; Paragraph 103; Paragraph 104; Paragraph 105; Paragraph 106; Paragraph 107; Paragraph 108; Paragraph 109; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 110; Paragraph 111; Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 114; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 116; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 118; Paragraph 119; Paragraph 120; Paragraph 121; Paragraph 122; Paragraph 123; Paragraph 124; Paragraph 125; Paragraph 126; Paragraph 127; Paragraph 129; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 133; Paragraph 134; Paragraph 135; Paragraph 136; Paragraph 137; Paragraph 138; Paragraph 139; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 9; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96; Paragraph 97; Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Paragraph 160; Paragraph 164; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 234; Paragraph 235; Paragraph 236; Paragraph 237; Paragraph 238; Paragraph 239; Paragraph 240; Paragraph 241; Paragraph 242; Paragraph 243; Paragraph 244; Paragraph 271; Paragraph 77;

Report on Proportional Electoral Systems: The Allocation of seats inside the lists (open/closed) lists (2015)

Paragraph 24;

Report on Term-Limits Part I - Presidents (2018)

Paragraph 76;

Report on the Compliance with Council of Europe and other International Standards of the Inclusion of a not Internationally Recognised Territory into a Nationwide Constituency for Parliamentary Elections (2019)

Paragraph 21; Paragraph 33;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 6;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 6;

Report on the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2013)

Paragraph 18; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 34; VI (III);

Report out-of Country Voting (2011)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 15;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Amicus Curiae Brief on the Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Follow-up Opinion to the Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code and other Related Laws Concerning Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 101; Paragraph 102; Paragraph 103; Paragraph 104; Paragraph 105; Paragraph 106; Paragraph 129; Paragraph 99;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

3.2 (32); 3.2 (33); 4 (3);

Revised Interpretative Declaration on the Stability of Electoral Law (2024)

Paragraphe 2;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION- Opinion on the Federal Law on the Election of the Deputies of the State Duma (2012)

Paragraph 4.12.107 (.12.107);

RUSSIAN FEDERATION- Opinion on the Law on Political Parties (2012)

Paragraph 6;

SERBIA - Joint opinion on the constitutional and legal framework governing the functioning of democratic institutions - Electoral law and electoral administration (2022)

Paragraph 102; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 142; Paragraph 143; Paragraph 144; Paragraph 145; Paragraph 146; Paragraph 147; Paragraph 148; Paragraph 149; Paragraph 150; Paragraph 151; Paragraph 161; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 84;

SERBIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Financing Political Activities (2010)

Paragraph 3v.36 (v.36);

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89;

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code as Amended on 9 November 2015 (2016)

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 126; Paragraph 179;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2013)

Paragraph 5;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3D.34 (D.34); Paragraph 3I.64 (I.64);

TÜRKIYE - Joint Opinion on the Amendmets to the Electoral Legislation by Law No. 7393 of 31 March 2022 (2022)

Paragraph 63;

TÜRKIYE - Opinion on the Replacement of Elected Candidates and Mayors (2020)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 76;

UKRAINE - Amicus Curiae Brief on Additional Sanctions for Committing an Administrative Offense (2023)

Paragraph 32; Paragraph 32;

UKRAINE - Comments on the Draft Law on the All-Ukrainian Referendum by Mr O. Lavrynovych (Member of Parliament) (2008)

Paragraph 29;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Laws on Election of People's Deputies and on the Central Election Commission and on the Draft Law on Repeat Elections of Ukraine (2013)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 97; Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law "On Improving the Procedure for Establishing the Impossibility of Holding National and Local Elections, All-Ukranian and Local Referendums in Certain Territories and Polling Stations" (2021)

Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 33; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2011)

Paragraph 120; Paragraph 121; Paragraph 122; Paragraph 123;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on state register of voters (2007)

Paragraph 23;

UKRAINE - Opinion on Legislative Provisions Concerning early Elections (2007)

Paragraph 19;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96; Paragraph 97; Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

UKRAINE- Opinion on the draft Law on election of people's deputies (Draft introducted by people's deputies S. Havrish, Y. Ioffe and H. Dashutin) (2003)

Paragraph 28;

UKRANIE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law Amending Certain Legislative Acts Which Restrict the Participation in the State Power of Persons Associated with Political Parties Whose Activities are Prohibited by Law (2023)

Paragraph 20 ; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 57;

UNITED KINGDOM - Opinion on the code of Practice on Observing Elections (2010)

Paragraph 6.16 (.16);

UNITED KINGDOM - Opinion on the Electoral Law (2007)

Paragraph 29;

Urgent Report on the cancellation of election results by Constitutional Courts (2025)

REPORT ON CONSTITUENCY DELINEATION AND SEAT ALLOCATION (2017)

Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55;