While there are many countries where the activities of candidates or political parties are not the only possible cause for the cancellation, in a number of countries the activities of other persons (in particular mass media) cannot have such effect.53 The Venice Commission has already stated that in general, the grounds for lodging complaints and appeals should not be limited to violations of electoral rights, freedoms and interests due to the State’s decisions and actions; they should also include inactions and inadequate enforcement by public and private electoral stakeholders.54