The revised version of the Code maintains the absence of preference between appeals before electoral commissions and before courts and extends it to the highest instance. So does it not recommend any more a final appeal to a court, albeit it reminds that the option of such an appeal is the preferred option in most Council of Europe member states. Furthermore, the Code makes it clear that the appeal body should be impartial and independent, endowed with the necessary powers of cognition and decision so as to afford an effective remedy, established by law and bound to apply the law, with limited discretion. These criteria correspond with recent case-law of the European Court of Human Rights concerning electoral disputes.