Some member States explicitly regulate the threshold to some extent and require a “substantial” or “significant” effect of irregularities on the election outcome.47 The German Federal Constitutional Court has developed in this context the “principle of minimum interference” according to which an entire election may only be declared void if electoral errors are of such weight that upholding the allocation of seats in Parliament appears intolerable (see also under section D. below).48 As mentioned above, the ECtHR requires the possibility of a genuine prejudice to the outcome of the election, and the Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters calls as far as possible for a limitation of the territorial scope of the invalidation.49 The consequences of the invalidation of the election results must be less harmful than the acceptance of the election results despite their deficiencies. In the view of the Venice Commission, in relation to the scope of annulment in a given case, this assessment may also need to take into account the State interest and the preservation of State sovereignty – which is expressed in free elections without foreign interference – with regard to the inherent uncertainty as to the consequences of irregularities (e.g. in case of a hybrid attack from outside).