Concerning the grounds for complaints and the decisions, actions, inactions open to challenge, the majority of Venice Commission’s member States provide for provisions ensuring voters, candidates and political parties the right to lodge complaints for violations of the law for the essential steps of the electoral process, such as registration of voters and candidates, electoral campaign, voting operations and election results. Nevertheless, there remains room for improvement: the Venice Commission indeed recommends that grounds for complaints and appeals should not be limited to violations of electoral rights and interests due to the State’s decisions and actions but also include inactions and inadequate enforcement, as well as violations of electoral law by private actors.