In order to comply with international standards, complaints and appeals procedures should clearly provide inter alia forthe right for voters, candidates and political parties to effective and speedy remedies. They should also be entitled to present evidence in support of their complaints, to a public and fair hearing, to impartial and transparent proceedings on the complaints, to effective and speedy remedies as well as the possibility of appeal to a court – or at least another impartial body – in final instance if a remedy is denied. The guiding principles of election dispute resolution systems are therefore not different from general principles of good administration or principles of fair judicial proceedings. In electoral matters, an administrative or judicial remedy has thus to be as efficient as remedies for the protection of other fundamental rights and freedoms, according to the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights.