The same is true with regard to minimum turnout requirements. In North Macedonia, the candidate with the majority of votes in the second round will only be elected if the turnout is over 40% of the registered voters. If not, the entire election process must be repeated. As the PACE electoral observation report states, there is a risk that the turnout requirement of 40% in the second round of the presidential election could trigger a succession of election cycles. This was exactly what happened in Serbia before the electoral reform of 2004. In 2002 and 2003, presidential elections in Serbia failed to meet the criterion that over 50% of all registered voters had to participate in the first and second round of the voting. Elections were declared invalid, and new elections had to be called several times.