Countries’ experiences of referendums vary considerably.  With the exception of Switzerland, where more than 500 matters have since 1848 been put to a referendum, most states make rare use of the possibility. Several countries (Albania, Andorra, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Netherlands (up to 2004), Russia) have never had a referendum, at least under the terms of their current constitution.  However, in Albania, Andorra and Russia, the constitution was adopted by referendum and the question of Croatia’s independence was also put to referendum.