In relation to the possible introduction of any forms of electronic voting and counting processes, it is worth recalling that the CoE standards on e-voting call on member States wishing to introduce a form of e-voting to do so in a “gradual and progressive manner” and that public trust is a “precondition to the introduction of e-voting”. In recent years, ODIHR and the Venice Commission have consistently advised the States that are considering new voting technologies to do so with due regard to several crucial states of the process, including providing relevant procedures prescribed by law, testing, piloting, transparent and accountable procurement process, training of election officials and voter education, as well as comprehensive mechanisms for cybersecurity screening and protection and auditing and certification of systems.