Council of Europe - Venice Commission

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03. ESTONIA - Referendum Act ()

04. ESTONIA - Riigikogu Election Act (2024)

17HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

19HUNGARY- Act CCXXXVIII of 2013 on initiating referendums, the European Citizens’ Initiative and referendum procedure (2025)

Section 24 ; Section 51 ;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2008)

Article 119; Article 4;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2003)

Article 104; Article 105; Article 116;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

Article 123 (2); Article 123 (3); Article 22 ;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 22 ;

ARMENIA - Law on Referendum (2001)

Article 37;

ARMENIA- Electoral Code (2007)

Article 27;

AUSTRIA - Federal Law on the Election of the National Council (National Council Election Regulation 1992 – NRWO) (1992)

Article 58;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

Article 111; Article 185;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 185;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 22; Article 23; Article 44;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 45 (1);

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

Article 45 (1);

BELGIUM - Electoral Code (2014)

Article 108; Article 109;

BiH_Election_Law_last amended 2024 (2001)

Article 19 (8); Article 19 (9); Article 20 (16.d); Article 20 (16.e); Article 5 (6); Article 5 (9); Article 7 (3); Article 7 (4);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 5 (6); Article 5 (9); Article 7 (3);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2016)

Article 5.3; Article 5.6;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINIA - Election Law (2001)

Article 5.03 (.03); Article 5.06 (.06); Article 6.01 (.01);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

Article 5 (6); Article 5 (9); Article 7 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 5 (6); Article 5 (9); Article 7 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 5 (6); Article 5 (9); Article 7 (3);

BULGARIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 288 (a);

BULGARIA- Act on Election of Members of Parliament (2001)

Article 41;

BULGARIA- Presidential Elections Act (1991)

Article 10n (n);

CANADA - Canada Elections Act (2023)

Paragraph 555;

CANADA - Elections Act (2019)

Article 306; Article 479; Article 555;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Members of Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-Government Units (2005)

Article 44;

CROATIA - Act on Local Elections 2012 and Act on Amendments 2016 (2012)

Article 36;

CROATIA - Law on the Election of Members of the Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-government Units (2001)

Article 40;

CROATIA - Parliamentary Elections Act (2015)

Article 81;

CROATIA- The Law on the election of the President (1992)

Article 32;

CZECH REPUBLIC - Act on Elections to the Parliament (2006)

Article 14b; Article 20;

CZECH REPUBLIC- Act on Elections to the Parliament and on Amendments of Certain Other Acts (1995)

Article 20;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2019)

50;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2020)

50;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2024)

Section 50;

DENMARK- Parliamentary Election Act (2009)

Article 107;

ESTONIA - Referendum Act (2002)

Article 23; Article 33; Article 51;

ESTONIA – Local Government Council Election Act (1999)

Article 18;

FINLAND - Elections Act (2016)

Section 56; Section 72;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 171; Article 27; Article 41; Article 46; Article 59; Article 8; Article 90;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2016)

Article 171; Article 27; Article 41; Article 46; Article 59; Article 8; Article 90;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2018)

Article 171; Article 27; Article 41; Article 46; Article 59; Article 8; Article 90;

GERMANY - Federal Elections Act (2013)

Section 31;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Law (1999)

Article 31;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations (2017)

Section 46; Section 55;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations as of 2020 (2020)

Section 46; Section 55 ; Section 85;

HUNGARY - Act CCXXXVIII of 2013 on Initiating Referendums, the European Citizens’ Initiative and Referendum Procedure (2013)

16. Protection of personal data (51. § ); 6. Protection of personal data (24. § );

HUNGARY - Act XXIII of 2022 Amending Certain Electoral and Related Laws (2022)

Section 13; Section 2; Section 29;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

ICELAND - Elections Act (2021)

Article 1; Article 144 (VIII 1)); Article 21; Article 62; Article 81;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2023)

Article 1 ; Article 144; Article 21; Article 62; Article 81;

ICELAND - Local Government Elections Act No. 5/1998 (1998)

Article 54;

IRELAND - Electoral Act (2016)

Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 136; Article 139; Article 145; Article 56;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitutional Act On Elections (2011)

Article 39;

KOREA - Public Offical Election Act (2014)

Article 164; Article 165; Article 183; Article 218 (.27); Article 245;

KOSOVO - Law No. 003/L-073 on General Elections and Amendments 2010 (2008)

Article 84;

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 14; Article 45; Article 84;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Law on Election Commissions to Conduct Elections and Referenda (2015)

Article 21;

LATVIA - Law on the Election of Local Government Councils (2020)

Section 34. ;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (1998)

Article 19; Article 35; Article 37;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (1995)

Article 19;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2014)

Article 19;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2012)

Article 7; Article 81;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2016)

Article 7;

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2012)

Article 71;

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2013)

Article 71;

LITHUANIA - Law on the Elections to the European Parliament (2003)

Article 79; Article 8;

MALTA - General Elections Act (2023)

Article 11; Article 89; Article 90; Article 92;

MALTA - General Elections Act (2012)

Article 66; Article 67; Article 94;

MALTA- General Elections Act (1996)

Article 11; Article 111; Article 49; Article 50; Article 64; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 68A (A); Article 69; Article 76; Article 78; Article 79; Article 83; Article 90; Article 92; Article 94;

MEXICO - General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures of Mexico (2014)

Article 244; Article 281; Article 300; Article 301; Article 341; Article 92;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

Article 118; Article 119; Article 142; Article 143; Article 174; Article 176; Article 205; Article 206; Article 54; Article 56; Article 60; Article 63; Article 92; Article 93;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

Article 107; Article 108; Article 131; Article 132; Article 164; Article 166; Article 195; Article 196; Article 49; Article 51; Article 55; Article 58; Article I. (20); Article I. (30. Article 86); Article I. (30. Article 87); Article I. (30. Article 88);

MOLDOVA_Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

Article 28; Article 41; Article 77; Article 80;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

Article 71; Article 71 (a); Article 72;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

Article 49; Article 71; Article 71; Article 81;

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (1989)

Article 2J37 (J37); Article 2M14 (M14);

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

Article 102; Article 103; Article 104; Article 191;

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

Section 9 (4); Section 9 (8); Section 9 (10);

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 46; Article 47; Article 49;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 43; Article 46; Article 49;

POLAND - Election of the President (2004)

Article 58; Article 58;

PORTUGAL - Electoral Law (2015)

Article 162; Article 163; Article 59; Article 90; Article 91; Article 93; Article 94;

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

Article 91;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

Article 101; Article 102; Article 103; Article 24; Article 28; Article 54; Article7;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 28; Article 41; Article 77; Article 80;

ROMANIA - Law 115 for the Election of Local Public Administration, Authorities, Amending the Law of Local Public Adminsitration No. 215-2001 (2024)

Article 85;

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 114; Article 115; Article 117;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 110; Article 29; Article 31; Article 84;

ROMANIA - Law no. 33 on the Rules and Regulations on the Elections to the european Parliament (2009)

Article 22(6); Article 22(8); Article 22(9);

ROMANIA - Law No. 370 (2024)

Article 24; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 43; Article 44; Article 44 (1); Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 49; Article 49 (1); Article 55; Article 70;

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 34;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the President of Romania (2022)

Article 23; Article 24; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 43; Article 44; Article 44 (1); Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 49; Article 49 (1); Article 55; Article 70;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

Article 102 (1); Article 103; Article 110; Article 111; Article 113; Article 121; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 31; Article 34; Article 84; Article 85; Article 88; Article 9 (1); Article 90; Article 92; Article 93; Article 95;

ROMANIA - Law on the Organisation and Conduct of the Elections to the European Parliament (2022)

Article V;

ROMANIA - Regulations for the 2016 Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2015)

Article 103; Article 29; Article 31;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 53;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

Article 78; Article 81;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 54;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Electoral Legislation ()

Article 34; Article 45;

SAN MARINO - Other Provisions Introduced by Qualified Law 1, 11 May 2007 (2007)

Article 24;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (1993)

Article 60;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2020)

Article 114; Article 32; Article 57; Article 58;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

Article 100; Article 101; Article 124; Article 126; Article 127; Article 168; Article 174; Article 98;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Article 114; Article 32; Article 57; Article 58;

SLOVAKIA - Act of the National Council on Local Elections (1998)

Article 33; Article 33;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the Bodies of Self-government Regions and on Amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure (2001)

Article 31;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 31; Section 32; Section 32;

SLOVAKIA - Law on Procedure of the Election of the President, on Plebiscite and Removal of the President and on Supplementation of several other Laws (1999)

Article 22; Article 22;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2017)

Article 78;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2024)

Article 78;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2006)

Article 78;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 78;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

Article 147; Article 148; Article 60; Article 61; Article 64; Article 65; Article 69; Article 92; Article 94;

SWEDEN - Elections act (2021)

12.8; 8.4;

SWEDEN - Elections Act (2005)

Article 15 (Chapter 9); Article 16 (Chapter 9); Article 17 (Chapter 9); Article 7 (Chapter 10);

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 102; Article 103; Article 104; Article 191;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Election of Members of Parliament (1998)

Article 42; Article 57; Article 74; Article 76; Article 77;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Local Elections (2004)

Article 42; Article 56;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

Article 171; Article 79; Article 82; Article 83;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 34.; Article 85.;

ALBANIA - Opinion on the Scope of the Power of the President to set the Dates of Elections (2019)

Paragraph 38; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 95;

ARMENIA - Joint Final Opinion on The Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 18;

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 17;

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2006)

Paragraph 50;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 9;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code and to the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Georgia (2023)

Paragraph 12;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2004)

Paragraph 46;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 122; Paragraph 126; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 96;

HAITI - Opinion on the draft referendum decree (2025)

Section 14.; Section 15. ; Section 16.; Section 17. ; Section 22. ; Section 33. ; Section 48. ; Section 68. ;

Joint Report of the Venice Commission and of the Directorate of Information Society and Action Against Crime of the Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law - On Digital Technologies and Elections (2019)

Paragraph 115; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 97;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code and other Related Laws Concerning Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

Paragraph 32;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67;

Principles for a Fundamental Rights-Complaint use of Digital Technologies in Electoral Processes (2020)

Paragraph 2; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 7; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 9;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Paragraph 195; Paragraph 25;

Report on the Compliance with Council of Europe and other International Standards of the Inclusion of a not Internationally Recognised Territory into a Nationwide Constituency for Parliamentary Elections (2019)

Paragraph 21; Paragraph 33;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 18; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 56;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Opinion on the Law on the Partial Implementation of the Postal Vote (2024)

Paragraph 17; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 53;

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 58;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 116; Paragraph 131; Paragraph 132; Paragraph 133; Paragraph 134; Paragraph 135;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3K.76 (K.76);

UKRAINE - Comments on the Draft Law on the All-Ukrainian Referendum by Mr O. Lavrynovych (Member of Parliament) (2008)

Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Laws on Election of People's Deputies and on the Central Election Commission and on the Draft Law on Repeat Elections of Ukraine (2013)

Paragraph 85;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law "On Improving the Procedure for Establishing the Impossibility of Holding National and Local Elections, All-Ukranian and Local Referendums in Certain Territories and Polling Stations" (2021)

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2011)

Paragraph 104;

UKRAINE - Opinion on Legislative Provisions Concerning early Elections (2007)

Paragraph 10;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 75;

UKRAINE- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the state register of voters of Ukraine submitted by people's Deputies of Ukraine, Mr O. Zadorozhny and Yu. Klyuchkovsky (2006)

Paragraph 34;

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