The choice of the electoral system is the sovereign decision of the Republic of Serbia. Both proportional, majoritarian, and mixed systems, in different forms, can provide free elections that represent the will of the people. The electoral system in Serbia is a proportional system applied in a single nationwide constituency with closed lists. From a technical point of view, a proportional system with one single constituency has the potential to produce an accurate representation of the voters’ will. In practice in Serbia, the closed list system means that the representativeness of the National Assembly, in terms of a link between voters and their MPs, is highly dependent on the internal democracy in the political parties. A single constituency and closed electoral lists in Serbia have resulted in the political parties and, in particular, a small group of persons in the leadership of a few parties having significant influence over the composition of the National Assembly and the parliamentary race being focused on the party leaders. Therefore, the Venice Commission and ODIHR recommend considering measures to increase internal political party democracy and to ensure opportunities for participation that are not unduly limited by the party leadership. This could be achieved by reviewing existing requirements for internal democracy within political parties and assessing the impact of the electoral system on political participation and possible measures to mitigate this impact;