The Venice Commission furthermore recalls that certain delimitations of constituencies also go against equality of opportunity, by way of the so-called gerrymandering. In this regard, gerrymandering may be defined as a negative and manipulative act of politicians to redraw the legislative/electoral district boundaries to deprive the representation that another group or party would enjoy.^[26] Gerrymandering is, in sum, a manipulative political tool which distorts the democratic electoral process, undermines democratic and universal election principles, and may render legislative elections a meaningless exercise.^[27] When stating that “[t]he drawing of electoral boundaries and the method of allocating votes should not distort the distribution of voters or discriminate against any group and should not exclude or restrict unreasonably the right of citizens to choose their representatives freely”, General Comment No. 25 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)[28] warns not only against active and passive electoral geometry, but also against gerrymandering.