Council of Europe - Venice Commission

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ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 110; Article 113; Article 116 (1§); Article 6; Article 7;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

Article 110; Article 113; Article 143; Article 6 ;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2002)

Article 28;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2021)

Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 34; Article 35;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 30 ; Article 31 ; Article 32;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2016)

Article 31; Article 32; Article 34; Article 35; Article 65;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2018)

Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 34; Article 35;

ARMENIA - Law on Referendum (2001)

Article 22;

AUSTRIA - Federal Presidential Election Act (2016)

Section 2;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

Article 44;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

Article 1; Article 1; Article 26;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 40; Article 42; Article 44;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 13; Article 155; Article 33;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 13;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

Article 13;

BiH – Election Law last (amended 2024) (2001)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (3);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (3);

BULGARIA - Election Code (2019)

Article 112;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2020)

Article 112;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 112; Article 288 (a);

BULGARIA - Election Code (2014)

Article 112;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2023)

Article 112;

COSTA RICA - Electoral Act (2009)

ARTICLE 218;

CROATIA - Act on Amendments to the Act on the Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (2015)

Article 50; Article 51 (Article 107.b); Article 51 (Article 107.c);

CROATIA - Act on Local Elections 2012 and Act on Amendments 2016 (2012)

Article 118; Article 120; Article 121; Article 124;

CROATIA - Act on the Election of National Minority Councils and Representatives (2019)

Article 80;

CROATIA - Parliamentary Elections Act (2015)

Article 107; Article 107 (b); Article 107 (c);

DENMARK - Consolidated Act Concerning the Election of the Danish Members of the European Parliament (2024)

Section 40;

HUNGARY - Act C on Electoral Procedure (1997)

Article 87;

HUNGARY - Act XXIII of 2022 Amending Certain Electoral and Related Laws (2022)

Section 2;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

Section 173; Section 258; Section 269; Section 288; Section 4 ; Section187;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

Section 13 (C); Section 173; Section 187; Section 258; Section 269; Section 288; Section 4;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

Section 173; Section 269; Section 281; Section 288; Section 293; Section 4; Section 5;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

Section 173; Section 187; Section 258; Section 281; Section 288; Section 293; Section 4; Section 5;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

Section 173; Section 187; Section 258; Section 269; Section 269; Section 288; Section 4;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitutional Act On Elections (2011)

Article 20 (2);

KOSOVO - Law No. 003/L-073 on General Elections and Amendments 2010 (2008)

Article 54;

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 54;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Electoral Code (2004)

Article 17; Article 50; Article 8;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - On Presidential and Jogorku Kenesh Elections (2015)

Article 10;

KYRGYZSTAN - Law on Elections of the President of the Republic and the Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh (2020)

Article 10;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

Article 118; Article 143; Article 175; Article 176; Article 205; Article 206; Article 57; Article 61; Article 68; Article 92;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

Article 107; Article 132; Article 164; Article 165; Article 166; Article 196; Article 52; Article 56; Article I. (5); Article I. (30. Article 87); Article I. (30. Article 88);

MOLDOVA – Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

Article 155; Article 19; Article 80; Article 88;

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 63;

MOLDOVA- Law on the Election of the President (1996)

Article 3;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

Article 111 (c); Article 111 (d); Article 111 (e);

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

Article 111; Article 111d; Article 111g; Article 111v; Article 111đ;

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

Article 161;

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

Section 15 (10);

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 50;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 50;

POLAND - Election Code Amendments (2023)

Article 50;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 155; Article 19; Article 80; Article 88;

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 39; Article 83;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

Article 89;

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

Article 89;

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 89;

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 47;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

Article 89;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 43;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 30;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 30;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

Article 34; Article 85; Article 93;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 24; Article 79;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

Article 162; Article 163; Article 164; Article 165; Article 166; Article 167; Article 49;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 31;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 161;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

Article 25;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 59;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Article 59;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2001)

Article 61;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 34; Article 74; Article 77;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 34.; Article 79. ;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the President (2004)

Article 28; Article 70;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 49;

ARMENIA - Joint Final Opinion on The Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 11;

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 10;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 12;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Referendum (2017)

Paragraph 73;

ARMENIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Amendemnts to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 105;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26;

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2006)

Paragraph 59;

BULGARIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code (2017)

Paragraph 74; Paragraph 75;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 124; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 8.36 (.36);

GEORGIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 3; Paragraph 4; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 9;

GEORGIA - Urgent Joint Opinion Revised Draft Amendments to the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 8;

GERMANY - Joint Opinion on the Amendments to the Federal Election Act (2023)

Paragraph 40; Paragraph 54;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 96;

Joint Guidelines for Preventing and Responding to the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2016)

Paragraph 1; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 4; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 8;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Presidential and Parliamentary Elections, The Draft Law on Elections to Local Governments and the Draft Law on the Formation of Election Commissions (2011)

Paragraph 109;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Law (2014)

Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 114; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 116; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 118; Paragraph 119;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 92; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 108; Paragraph 90;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 86;

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 17;

Report on Election Dispute Resolution (2020)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 9;

Report on the Compliance with Council of Europe and other International Standards of the Inclusion of a not Internationally Recognised Territory into a Nationwide Constituency for Parliamentary Elections (2019)

Paragraph 20;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 20;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 20;

Report on the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2013)

Paragraph 35; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 90;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

4 (2);

RUSSIAN FEDERATION- Opinion on the Federal Law on the Election of the Deputies of the State Duma (2012)

Paragraph 4.4.50 (.4.50);

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28;

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 38;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 154; Paragraph 156; Paragraph 16;

TÜRKIYE - Opinion on the Replacement of Elected Candidates and Mayors (2020)

Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Laws on Election of People's Deputies and on the Central Election Commission and on the Draft Law on Repeat Elections of Ukraine (2013)

Paragraph 103;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 9;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2011)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 96; Paragraph 99;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 102;

UKRAINE- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the state register of voters of Ukraine submitted by people's Deputies of Ukraine, Mr O. Zadorozhny and Yu. Klyuchkovsky (2006)

Paragraph 8;

UNITED KINGDOM - Opinion on the code of Practice on Observing Elections (2010)

Paragraph 4.12 (.12);

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