Council of Europe - Venice Commission

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ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2008)

Article 7;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 101; Article 110; Article 113; Article 116 (1§); Article 6; Article 7;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

Article 110; Article 113; Article 143; Article 6 ;

ANDORRA - Electoral Law (2007)

Article 36;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2002)

Article 7;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2021)

Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 30 ; Article 31 ; Article 32; Article 33 ; Article 34 ; Article 35 ; Article 36 ;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2016)

Article 31; Article 32; Article 34; Article 35; Article 65;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2018)

Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35;

ARMENIA - Law on Referendum (2001)

Article 22;

ARMENIA- Electoral Code (2007)

Article 28;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

Article 72;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

Article 1; Article 1;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 40; Article 42;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 13; Article 39; Article 40; Article 41;

BiH – Election Law last (amended 2024) (2001)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (4);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (4); Article 17 (5);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (4);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (4 );

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 17 (2); Article 17 (4);

BULGARIA - Election Code (2019)

Article 111; Article 112;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2020)

Article 111; Article 112;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 111; Article 112; Article 288 (a);

BULGARIA - Election Code (2014)

Article 111; Article 112;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2023)

Article 111; Article 112;

COSTA RICA - Electoral Act (2009)

ARTICLE 210; ARTICLE 211; ARTICLE 212 ; ARTICLE 213; ARTICLE 214; ARTICLE 215 ; ARTICLE 216; ARTICLE 217; ARTICLE 218;

CROATIA - Act on Amendments to the Act on the Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (2015)

Article 50; Article 51 (Article 107.b); Article 51 (Article 107.c);

CROATIA - Act on Local Elections 2012 and Act on Amendments 2016 (2012)

Article 118; Article 120; Article 121; Article 124; Article 52; Article 53;

CROATIA - Act on the Election of National Minority Councils and Representatives (2019)

Article 80;

CROATIA - Parliamentary Elections Act (2015)

Article 107; Article 107 (b); Article 107 (c);

DENMARK - Consolidated Act Concerning the Election of the Danish Members of the European Parliament (2024)

Section 27;

DENMARK - Local and Regional Government Elections Act (2024)

DENMARK- Parliamentary Election Act (2009)

Article 30; Article 31;

ESTONIA - Municipal Council Election Act (2020)

Paragraph 23 (4);

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations (2017)

Section 36; Section 39; Section 42;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations as of 2020 (2020)

Section 36; Section 39 ; Section 42;

GERMANY – Federal Elections Act (amended March 2024) (1993)

Section 31;

GERMANY – Federal Electoral Regulations (2002)

Section 36; Section 39; Section 42;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

Section 269; Section 5;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

Section 269; Section 288; Section 5 ;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

Section 281; Section 288; Section 293; Section 311; Section 5;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

Section 258; Section 281; Section 288; Section 293; Section 311; Section 5;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

Section 269; Section 269; Section 5 ;

ICELAND - Act No. 24 Concerning Parliamentary Elections to the Althing (2008)

Article 39; Article 40; Article 41; Article 44;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitutional Act On Elections (2011)

Article 20 (1);

KOSOVO - Law No. 003/L-073 on General Elections and Amendments 2010 (2008)

Article 54;

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 54;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Electoral Code (2004)

Article 29;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - On Presidential and Jogorku Kenesh Elections (2015)

Article 17; Article 9;

KYRGYZSTAN - Law on Elections of the President of the Republic and the Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh (2020)

Article 10 (1); Article 9;

LATVIA - Law on the Election of Local Government Councils (2020)

Section 35. ; Section 37. ; Section 38. (1);

LATVIA - Saeima Election Law (2022)

Section 18. ;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (1998)

Article 18;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2019)

Article 18;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2014)

Article 29;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2018)

Article 61; Article 7;

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2012)

Article 40;

LITHUANIA - Law on Referendum (2002)

Article 49; Article 72;

MEXICO - General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures of Mexico (2014)

Article 217;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

Article 118; Article 119; Article 142; Article 143; Article 174; Article 175; Article 176; Article 198; Article 201; Article 205; Article 206; Article 26; Article 33; Article 57; Article 61; Article 68; Article 70; Article 92; Article 93;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

MOLDOVA – Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

Article 155; Article 80; Article 88;

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 55; Article 56; Article 63; Article 64;

MOLDOVA- Law on the Election of the President (1996)

Article 3;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

Article 111 (a); Article 111 (b); Article 111 (e); Article 111 (h);

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

Article 111; Article 111a; Article 111b; Article 111d; Article 111ž; Article 111đ;

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (1989)

Article 2H10 (H10);

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

Article 161; Article 22;

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

Section 15 (10);

POLAND - Election of the President (2004)

Article 54; Article 57; Article 61; Article 63; Article 65;

PORTUGAL - Electoral Law (2015)

Article 102; Article 108; Article 117; Article 122; Article 25; Article 45; Article 47; Article 50-A; Article 51; Article 79-C; Article 86;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

Article 26;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 155; Article 80; Article 88;

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 128; Article 129; Article 27; Article 39; Article 83;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

Article 89;

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

Article 89;

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 89;

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 47;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

Article 89;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 43;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 30;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 30;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 23;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Electoral Legislation ()

Article 26;

SAN MARINO - Other Provisions Introduced by Qualified Law 1, 11 May 2007 (2007)

Article 17;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

Article 107; Article 118; Article 161; Article 164; Article 167; Article 168; Article 49; Article 8; Article 80;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 64;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 31;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 30; Article 31; Article 77; Article 78; Article 85;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 161; Article 22;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 112; Article 167; Article 239; Article 58; Article 60;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Article 112; Article 167; Article 239; Article 58; Article 60;

UKRAINE - Law on All-Ukrainian and Local Referendums (1991)

Article 42;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2001)

Article 59;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 34; Article 72; Article 74; Article 75;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 78.;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the President (2004)

Article 69;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 49;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraphe 32;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draf Electoral Code (As of 18 April 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 87;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Referendum (2017)

Paragraph 73;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 24;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 124; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 8.36 (.36);

GEORGIA - Urgent Joint Opinion Revised Draft Amendments to the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6;

Joint Guidelines for Preventing and Responding to the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2016)

II - B. Prevention of the misuse of administrative resources (3. Political will);

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Law (2014)

Paragraph 119;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 92; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 108; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 87;

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 17;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 20; Paragraph 27;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 20; Paragraph 27;

Report on the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2013)

Paragraph 72;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

3.2 (19); 4 (2);

RUSSIAN FEDERATION- Opinion on the Federal Law on the Election of the Deputies of the State Duma (2012)

Paragraph 4.4.47 (.4.47);

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28;

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 38;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 156;

TÜRKIYE - Joint Opinion on the Amendmets to the Electoral Legislation by Law No. 7393 of 31 March 2022 (2022)

Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 9;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2011)

Paragraph 96;

UNITED KINGDOM - Opinion on the code of Practice on Observing Elections (2010)

Paragraph 4.12 (.12);

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