Council of Europe - Venice Commission

01. ESTONIA - Extracts of the Constitution (2025)

Article 106 ;

ALBANIA - Constitution of Albania (2020)

Article 150; Article 151; Article 152;

AUSTRIA - Extracts of the Costitution (2000)

Article 64;

AZERBAIJAN - Constitution (2002)

Article 3;

BELGIUM - Constitution (2020)

Article 39 (bis); Article 41;

BELGIUM - Extracts Constitution (2014)

Article 39 (bis);

DENMARK- Extracts of the Constitution (1953)

Article 42;

ESTONIA - Extracts of the Constitution (1992)

Article 163;

GEORGIA - Constitution (2020)

Article 52;

HUNGARY - Extracts of the Constitution (2013)

Article 31;

IRELAND - Extracts of the Constitution (1937)

Article 47;

ITALY - Extracts of the Constitution (1947)

Article 75;

ITALY - Extracts of the Constitution (2024)

Article 123 ; Article 132; Article 138;

LATVIA - Constitution (2019)

Article 14; Article 48; Article 50; Article 68; Article 72; Article 73; Article 74; Article 75; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79;

LIECHTENSTEIN- Extracts of the Constitution (1921)

Article 112; Article 113;

SLOVENIA - Constitution (2016)

Article 3 (a); Article 90;

SLOVENIA - Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia ()

Article 3a; Article 90;

SPAIN - Extracts of the Constitution (1978)

Article 151; Article 152; Article 167;

SWEDEN - Extracts of the Constitution (2018)

Article 16;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (2021)

Article 138; Article 139; Article 139 (b); Article 140; Article 141; Article 141 (a); Final Provision III;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (1999)

Article 138; Article 138; Article 139; Article 139 (b); Article 141; Article 141 (a); Article 141 (a);

UKRAINE - Constitution (1996)

Article 74;

03. ESTONIA – Referendum Act ()

Article 1 ;

ANDORRA - Electoral Law (2007)

Article 73;

ARMENIA - Law on Referendum (2001)

Article 4;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

Article 117; Article 118;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

Article 123; Article 124;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 117; Article 118; Article 123; Article 124;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 112; Article 114;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 112;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

Article 112;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2014)

Article 259 ;

DENMARK - Local and Regional Government Elections Act (2024)

Section 105 (f);

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2020)

95;

ESTONIA - Referendum Act (2002)

Article 1; Article 22; Article 27; Article 3; Article 30; Article 37; Article 42; Article 63; Article 68; Article 69;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 172;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2016)

Article 172;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2018)

Article 172 ;

HUNGARY - Act CCXXXVIII of 2013 on Initiating Referendums, the European Citizens’ Initiative and Referendum Procedure (2013)

2. Submission of the proposed referendum question (3. § ); 2. Submission of the proposed referendum question (8. § ); 1. The organiser of an electors’ initiative (2. § ); 10. The subject-matter of the local referendum (32. § ); 10. The subject-matter of the local referendum (33. § );

HUNGARY – Act CCXXXVIII of 2013 on Initiating Referendums the European Citizens Initiative and Referendum Procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

Section 2 ; Section 3; Section 32 ; Section 33 ;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2021)

Article 2; Article 26; Article 52; Article 66;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2023)

Article 2; Article 26; Article 52; Article 66;

LITHUANIA - Law on Referendum (2002)

Article 1; Article 10; Article 15;

MALTA - Referenda Act (2023)

Article 13; Article 2; Article 3;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

Article 154; Article 155; Article 157; Article 158; Article 159; Article 160; Article 184; Article 185; Article 186; Article 187; Article 188; Article 196; Article 212;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

Article 143; Article 144; Article 146; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 174; Article 175; Article 176; Article 177; Article 178; Article 202;

MOLDOVA – Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

Article 182; Article 183; Article 185; Article 187; Article 188; Article 189; Article 195; Article 209; Article 217; Article 218; Article 226;

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 142; Article 143; Article 146; Article 147; Article 148; Article 177; Article 178;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 182; Article 183; Article 185; Article 187; Article 188; Article 189; Article 195; Article 209; Article 217; Article 218; Article 226;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 15; Article 6;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 36;

SLOVENIA - Local Elections Act (2023)

Article 115;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Law on Referendum and Other Forms of Direct Vote of Citizens (2005)

Article 15; Article 2; Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 3; Article 36; Article 38; Article 39; Article 4; Article 40; Article 66 ; Article 9;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the Legislative Initiative of the Citizens (2018)

Paragraph 1; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 25;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 62;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Referendum (2017)

Paragraph 18; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 8;

ARMENIA - Opinion on the Draft Concept Paper on the Constitutional Reforms (2014)

Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80;

ARMENIA - Second Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Constitution (In Particular to Chapters 8, 9, 11 to 16) (2015)

Paragraph 78;

ITALY- Opinion on the Regulation of Public Participation, Citizen's Bills, Referendums and Popular Initiatives and Amendments to the Provincial Electoral Law of the Autonomous Province of Trento (2015)

Paragraph 30; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law "On Introduction of Amendments and Changes to the Constitution" (2016)

Paragrah 96; Paragraph 100; Paragraph 101; Paragraph 102; Paragraph 103; Paragraph 104; Paragraph 105; Paragraph 106; Paragraph 107; Paragraph 108; Paragraph 109; Paragraph 110; Paragraph 111; Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 114; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 116; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 97; Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 31;

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 1; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 39;

Referendums in Europe - An Analysis of the Legal Rules in European States (2005)

Paragraph 166; Paragraph 167; Paragraph 168; Paragraph 169; Paragraph 170; Paragraph 171; Paragraph 172; Paragraph 173; Paragraph 174; Paragraph 175; Paragraph 176; Paragraph 177; Paragraph 178; Paragraph 179; Paragraph 180; Paragraph 195; Paragraph 196; Paragraph 197; Paragraph 198; Paragraph 199; Paragraph 200; Paragraph 201; Paragraph 202; Paragraph 203; Paragraph 204; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84;

Report on Term-Limits Part I - Presidents (2018)

Paragraph 111; Paragraph 112; Paragraph 129;

Report on Term-Limits Part II - Members of Parliament- Part III - Representatives elected at Sub-national and Local Level and Executive Officials electred at Sub-national and Local Level (2019)

Paragraph 63; Paragraph 74;

Report on the Recall of Mayors and Local Elected Representatives (2019)

Paragraph 110;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 136; Paragraph 138; Paragraph 140; Paragraph 143; Paragraph 146; Paragraph 153; Paragraph 154;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

1; 2; 2 (24); 5; 6; III (4); III (6);

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 91;

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 9;

TÜRKIYE - Opinion on the Amendments to the Constituion Adopted by the Grand National Assembly on 21 January 2017 and to be Submitted to a National Referendum on 16 April 2017 (2017)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18;

UKRAINE - Opinion on the Law on National Referendum (2013)

Paragraph 33;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 69;

VENEZUELA - ON THE LEGAL ISSUES RAISED BY DECREE No. 2878 OF 23 MAY 2017 OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC ON CALLING ELECTIONS TO A NATIONAL CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY (2017)

Paragraph 30; Paragraph 32;

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