Council of Europe - Venice Commission

AZERBAIJAN - Constitution (2009)

Article 40;

BELARUS - Constitution (2004)

Article 33; Article 5;

KOSOVO - Constitution (2015)

Article 42;

MONTENEGRO - Constitution (2013)

Article 49;

MOROCCO - Constitution (2011)

Article 11;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2008)

Article 1; Article 80; Article 81; Article 82; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2015)

ANNEX II (Section 3); Article 83;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

Article 121; Article 124 (1); Article 174; Article 19; Article 73; Article 77 ; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80 ; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 92;

ANDORRA - Electoral Law (2007)

Article 29;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2002)

Article 18; Article 20; Article 22; Article 40; Article 41; Article 42; Article 7; Article 80;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2021)

Article 22; Article 31; Article 32; Article 65; Article 8;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 115 ; Article 138 ; Article 22 ; Article 31 ; Article 32; Article 51 ; Article 65; Article 8 ; Article 93 ; Article 93 (1);

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2016)

Article 32; Article 65; Article 8;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2018)

Article 22; Article 31; Article 32; Article 65; Article 8;

ARMENIA - Law on Referendum (2001)

Article 15; Article 20; Article 23;

ARMENIA- Electoral Code (2007)

Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 30; Article 7;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

Article 109; Article 113; Article 127; Article 155; Article 162; Article 189; Article 195; Article 197; Article 2; Article 20; Article 213; Article 224; Article 231; Article 43; Article 74; Article 77; Article 79; Article 80;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 127; Article 155; Article 189; Article 224; Article 43; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 87; Article 88;

AZERBAIJAN - Law on Local Elections (1999)

Article 15; Article 29; Article 31; Article 32; Article 40;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 13; Article 149; Article 24; Article 33; Article 39; Article 40; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 56; Article 68; Article 74; Article 81;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 108; Article 127; Article 13; Article 149; Article 46; Article 79; Article 81; Article 82;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

Article 108; Article 127; Article 13; Article 46; Article 79; Article 79; Article 81; Article 82;

BiH – Election Law last (amended 2024) (2001)

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINIA - Election Law (2001)

Article 16.01 (.01); Article 16.02 (.02); Article 16.03 (.03); Article 16.04 (.04); Article 16.05 (.05); Article 16.06 (.06); Article 16.07 (.07);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

Article 16 (1); Article 16 (2); Article 16 (3); Article 16 (4); Article 16 (5); Article 16 (6); Article 16 (7); Article 16 (8); Article 16 (9); Article 16 (10); Article 16 (11); Article 16 (12); Article 16 (13); Article 16 (14); Article 16 (15); Article 16 (16); Article 16 (17); Article 16 (18); Article 7 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2019)

Article 179; Article 180; Article 187; Article 188; Article 189; Article 190; Article 191; Article 192; Article 193; Article 194; Article 195; Article 196; Article 197; Article 198; Article 199; Article 199 (a); Article 484; Article 57; Paragraph 1;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2020)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2021)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2014)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2023)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2017)

BULGARIA- Act on Election of Members of Parliament (2001)

Article 57; Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70;

BULGARIA- Presidential Elections Act (1991)

Article 10n (n); Article 11; Article 11a (a); Article 11b (b); Article 11c (c); Article 11d (d); Article 11e (e);

COSTA RICA - Electoral Act (2009)

ARTICLE 10; ARTICLE 136 ; ARTICLE 138 ; ARTICLE 281; ARTICLE 286; ARTICLE 289; ARTICLE 305;

CROATIA - Act on Amendments to the Act on the Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (2015)

Article 21; Article 48;

CROATIA - Act on Amendments to the Act on the Election of the President of the Republic (2014)

Article 2; Article 3;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Members of Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-Government Units (2005)

Article 23;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Municipality Heads, Mayors, County Prefects and Mayor of City of Zagreb (2007)

Article 26;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (1999)

Article 22; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 49;

CROATIA - Act on Local Elections 2012 and Act on Amendments 2016 (2012)

Article 38;

CROATIA - Law on the Election of Members of the Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-government Units (2001)

Article 16;

CROATIA - Law on the Election of the President (2011)

Article 14; Article 15;

CROATIA - Parliamentary Elections Act (2015)

Article 23; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30;

CROATIA- The Law on the election of the President (1992)

Article 13; Article 14;

CZECH REPUBLIC- Act on Elections to the Parliament and on Amendments of Certain Other Acts (1995)

Article 16;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 15; Article 185; Article 186; Article 194; Article 22; Article 44; Article 50; Article 51; Article 51 ((Shall become effective upon the acquisition of fu); Article 92;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2016)

Article 15; Article 22; Article 44; Article 50; Article 51; Article 92;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2018)

Article 15; Article 22; Article 44; Article 50; Article 51; Article 92;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Law (1999)

Article 32;

GERMANY – Federal Elections Act (amended March 2024) (1993)

Section 32;

HUNGARY - Act C on Electoral Procedure (1997)

Article 44; Article 49; Article 7;

HUNGARY - Act CCXXXVIII of 2013 on Initiating Referendums, the European Citizens’ Initiative and Referendum Procedure (2013)

23. The referendum campaign (69. §); 31. Legal remedies (79. § );

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

Section 146; Section 147; Section 147 (A); Section 147 (B); Section 147 (C); Section 147 (D); Section 147 (E); Section 147 (F); Section 148; Section 150; Section 151; Section 152; Section 173; Section 2; Section 269; Section 288; Section 3; Section 346;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

Section 146; Section 147; Section 147 (A); Section 147 (B); Section 147 (C); Section 147 (D); Section 147 (E); Section 147 (F); Section 148; Section 150; Section 151; Section 173; Section 187; Section 2; Section 258; Section 288; Section 3; Section 346;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

HUNGARY – Act CCXXXVIII of 2013 on Initiating Referendums the European Citizens Initiative and Referendum Procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

Section 69 ; Section 79;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2021)

Article 14; Article 30;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2023)

Article 14; Article 30 ;

IRELAND - Presidential Elections Act (1993)

Article 27;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitutional Act On Elections (2011)

Article 27; Article 28;

KOREA - Public Offical Election Act (2014)

KOSOVO - Law No. 003/L-073 on General Elections and Amendments 2010 (2008)

Article 107; Article 108; Article 109; Article 2; Article 44; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53;

KOSOVO - Law No. 03/L-072 on Local Elections (2008)

Article 18; Article 27; Article 3;

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 108; Article 109; Article 4; Article 44; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Electoral Code (2004)

Article 10; Article 14; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 30; Article 32; Article 33; Article 50; Article 86;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Law on Election Commissions to Conduct Elections and Referenda (2015)

Article 7;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - On Presidential and Jogorku Kenesh Elections (2015)

Article 11; Article 22; Article 24; Article 25; Article 28; Article 33; Article 39; Article 59;

KYRGYZSTAN - Law on Elections of the President of the Republic and the Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh (2020)

Article 11; Article 21 (1); Article 22; Article 24; Article 25; Article 28; Article 33; Article 39; Article 47; Article 48; Article 57; Article 59; Article 64; Article 8;

LATVIA - Law on the Central Election Commission (1994)

Article 14;

LATVIA - Law on the Election of Local Government Councils (2020)

Section 44. ;

LATVIA - Saeima Election Law (2022)

Section 18. ; Section 29. ;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2019)

Article 18; Article 29;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to Municipal Councils (2012)

Article 43; Article 48; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2012)

Article 46; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 7; Article 84;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2016)

Article 46; Article 51; Article 54; Article 84; Article 85; Article 98;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2018)

Article 46; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54;

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2012)

Article 41; Article 46; Article 75; Article 9;

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2013)

Article 46; Article 74; Article 75; Article 9;

LITHUANIA - Law on Referendum (2002)

Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 37; Article 73;

LITHUANIA - Law on the Elections to the European Parliament (2003)

Article 8; Article 83;

MALTA- General Elections Act (1996)

Article 90; Article 91;

MEXICO - General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures of Mexico (2014)

MEXICO - General Law on Political Parties (2014)

Article 25; Article 26; Article 28; Article 49; Article 64; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 91;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

Article 116; Article 140; Article 164; Article 173; Article 175; Article 196; Article 204; Article 22; Article 25; Article 26; Article 49; Article 51; Article 52; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 73;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

MOLDOVA – Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

Article 1; Article 101; Article 192; Article 205; Article 236; Article 54; Article 70; Article 72; Article 89; Article 90; Article 95;

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 165; Article 22; Article 46; Article 47; Article 64;

MOLDOVA- Law on the Election of the President (1996)

Article 23; Article 24; Article 3;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

Article 111 (c); Article 111 (h); Article 2; Article 50; Article 51; Article 51 (a); Article 53; Article 53 (a); Article 54; Article 55; Article 56; Article 6; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 64 (a); Article 64 (b);

MONTENEGRO - Law on the Election of the President (2023)

Article 8;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Voter Register (2023)

Article 16; Article 17;

MONTENEGRO - The Decree on Proclamation of the Law on Election of the President of Montenegro (2016)

Article 8;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

NORWAY - Election Act (2018)

Paragraph 15 (7);

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

Section 15 (7); Section 15 (11);

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 111; Article 112; Article 115; Article 116; Article 116 (a); Article 117 ; Article 118; Article 119; Article 120; Article 121; Article 122; Article 160 ; Article 252; Article 253; Article 254; Article 284; Article 285;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 111; Article 112; Article 117; Article 118; Article 120; Article 121; Article 122; Article 252; Article 253; Article 254; Article 284; Article 285;

POLAND - Election of the President (2004)

Article 76c (c); Article 83; Article 83a (a); Article 83b (b);

POLAND - Parliamentary Election Law (2001)

Article 180; Article 182; Article 216; Article 94;

PORTUGAL - Electoral Law (2015)

Article 132; Article 133; Article 134; Article 62; Article 63; Article 67; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 73; Article 93;

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

Article 58; Article 62; Article 63; Article 93;

PORTUGAL - National Election Commission (1978)

Article 5;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

Article 100; Article 102; Article 179; Article 22; Article 24; Article 93; Article 95; Article 96; Article 97; Article 98; Article 99;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 1; Article 101; Article 192; Article 205; Article 236; Article 54; Article 70; Article 72; Article 89; Article 90; Article 95;

ROMANIA - Law 115 for the Election of Local Public Administration, Authorities, Amending the Law of Local Public Adminsitration No. 215-2001 (2024)

Article 72;

ROMANIA - Law for the Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2022)

Article 39; Article 55; Article 56; Article 66; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 73; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77;

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 65; Article 70;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

Article 104; Article 106; Article 119; Article 12; Article 18; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 73; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 89; Article 98;

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 66; Article 67; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 80;

ROMANIA - Law no. 33 on the Rules and Regulations on the Elections to the european Parliament (2009)

Article 17; Article 18 ;

ROMANIA - Law No. 334 (2006)

Article 36;

ROMANIA - Law No. 370 (2024)

Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 20; Article 31; Article 36; Article 38; Article 39; Article 40; Article 54; Article 56;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the President of Romania (2022)

Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 20; Article 31; Article 36; Article 38; Article 39; Article 40; Article 54; Article 56;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

ROMANIA - Law on the Organisation and Conduct of the Elections to the European Parliament (2022)

Article 38; Article 39; Article 73; Article VII;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 37; Article 38;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 20; Article 30; Article 40; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 56; Article 59;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 20; Article 30; Article 33; Article 40; Article 40; Article 45; Article 47; Article 48; Article 50; Article 56; Article 59; Article 64; Article 72;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 12; Article 17; Article 46; Article 49; Article 51; Article 53; Article 79;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Provisions Regulating the Election Campaign ()

Article 7;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (1993)

Article 4; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 54;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (2000)

Article 4;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2011)

Article 27; Article 4;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2020)

Article 27; Article 4;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2020)

Article 48; Article 49; Article 5; Article 50; Article 51; Article 86;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

Article 141; Article 142; Article 143; Article 144; Article 170; Article 175; Article 33; Article 6;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Article 48; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 86;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 48; Article 49; Article 5; Article 50; Article 51; Article 99;

SERBIA - The Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (1997)

Article 5;

SLOVAKIA - Act amending the Act of the Slovak National Council No 80/1990 Coll. on Elections to the Slovak National Council, in Wording of later Regulations, and on Amendments to Certain Acts (1999)

Article 3;

SLOVAKIA - Act on conditions for the exercise of the right to vote (2019)

Article 16 ;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election Campaign (2019)

Article 10; Article 11 ; Article 12; Article 13; Article 14; Article 15; Article 17;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election of the President of the Slovak Republic, Plebiscite, Recalling of President and Amending of some other Acts (2008)

Article 1 (Section 15 ); Article 1 (Section 19 );

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 24;

SLOVAKIA - Law on Procedure of the Election of the President, on Plebiscite and Removal of the President and on Supplementation of several other Laws (1999)

Article 15; Article 15; Article 55; Article 55;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (2013)

Article 1; Article 2; Article 34; Article 35;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (ZVRK) (2007)

Article 1 ; Article 2; Article 34; Article 35; Article 6;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2017)

Article 61; Article 62;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2024)

Article 61;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2006)

Article 61; Article 62;

SLOVENIA – National Assembly Election Act (as of February 2024) (1992)

Article 61;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 62;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

Article 188;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2022)

Article 16 ; Article 87 ;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Election of Members of Parliament (1998)

Article 48; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Local Elections (2004)

Article 33; Article 36; Article 37; Article 38;

TÜRKIYE - Amendments on Electoral Laws (2022)

Article 155 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg); Article 65 & 66 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg);

TÜRKIYE - Law Concerning Referendums on Constitutional Amendments (2010)

Article 5; Temporary Article 1 ;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

Additional Article 1; Additional Article 2; Article 149A; Article 151; Article 176; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 55A; Article 55B; Article 80;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

Article 149 (A); Article 2 (Additional); Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 55 (A); Article 55 (B); Article 80;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Elections of Local Administrations and Neighborhood Mukhtars and Board of Elderman (2012)

Article 35; Provisional Article 2 ;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Presidential Elections with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

Article 13;

TÜRKIYE - Presidential Elections Law (2013)

Article 13;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 106; Article 108; Article 12; Article 161; Article 162; Article 164; Article 23; Article 232; Article 233; Article 234; Article 235; Article 47; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 54; Article 55; Article 56;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Article 106; Article 108; Article 12 ; Article 161; Article 162; Article 163; Article 164; Article 23; Article 232; Article 233; Article 234; Article 235; Article 47; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 54; Article 55 ; Article 56;

UKRAINE - Law on All-Ukrainian and Local Referendums (1991)

Article 42; Article 8;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2001)

Article 12; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 56;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 11; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 107. ; Article 108.; Article 13.; Article 23.; Article 28. ; Article 34.; Article 48.; Article 63.; Article 65. ; Article 66.; Article 71. ; Article 72. ; Article 73.; Article 83.; Article 84.;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the President (2004)

Article 13; Article 25; Article 28; Article 47; Article 58; Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64;

UNITED KINGDOM - European Parliamentary Elections Act (2002)

Article 3.15.5 (.15.5);

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the Legislative Initiative of the Citizens (2018)

Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 72; Paragraph 74;

ALBANIA - Opinion on the Scope of the Power of the President to set the Dates of Elections (2019)

Paragraph 48;

ALBANIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2009)

Paragraph 28; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 9;

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 8;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 17 ; Paragraph 45; Paragraphe 45;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draf Electoral Code (As of 18 April 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 86;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Legislation Concerning Political Parties (2020)

Paragraph 17; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Constituional Law on Political Parties (2016)

Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Referendum (2017)

Paragraph 28; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 7;

ARMENIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Amendemnts to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 77;

ARMENIA - Second Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (As Amended on 30 June 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 60;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34;

AZERBAIJAN - Final Opinion on the amendments to the Election Code (2005)

Paragraph 20;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 38;

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Amendments to the Electoral Code of the Republic of Belarus (2010)

Paragraph 5.40 (.40);

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2006)

Paragraph 60; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 69;

BULGARIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code (2017)

Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2011)

Paragraph 9;

Comparative Report on thresholds and other features of electoral systems which bar parties from access to Parliament (2008)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 6;

CROATIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the State Election Commission (2006)

Paragraph 57;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Election Code, the Law on Political Associations of Citizens and the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Georgia (2021)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 20;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code and to the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Georgia (2023)

Paragraph 12;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2006)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 101; Paragraph 102; Paragraph 103;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 43; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 10;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2002)

Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2004)

Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 108; Paragraph 109; Paragraph 110; Paragraph 111; Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 128; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49;

HAITI – Opinion on the draft referendum decree (2025)

Section 34. ; Section 35. ;

Joint Guidelines for Preventing and Responding to the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2016)

II - A. Principles (4. Neutrality); II - A. Principles (6. Equality of opportunity);

Joint Report of the Venice Commission and of the Directorate of Information Society and Action Against Crime of the Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law - On Digital Technologies and Elections (2019)

Paragraph 117; Paragraph 124; Paragraph 125; Paragraph 149; Paragraph 151; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 7; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 9;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Law (2014)

Paragraph 96; Paragraph 97;

KYRGYZSTAN - Joint Opinion on the Amendments to some Legislative Acts Related to Sanctions for Violation of Electoral Legislation (2020)

Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25;

MEXICO- Opinion on the Electoral Legislation of Mexico (2013)

Paragraph 5A (A); Paragraph 5B (B);

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinión on the Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of the Parliament) (2018)

Paragraph 35;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Legal Framework of Governing the Funding of Political Parties and Electoral Campaigns (2017)

Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37;

MOLDOVA – Urgent joint opinion on the draft Law no. 263 amending the Electoral Code, the Contravention Code and the Code of Audiovisual Media Services (2020)

Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Working Text amending the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 4.41 (.41);

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 44; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 82;

MOLDOVA- Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 84;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69;

MONTENEGRO - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of Members of Parliament and Councillors (2020)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 85;

MONTENEGRO- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Amendments to the Law on Election of Councillors and Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 3F (F);

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 17;

Principles for a Fundamental Rights-Complaint use of Digital Technologies in Electoral Processes (2020)

Referendums in Europe - An Analysis of the Legal Rules in European States (2005)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 219; Paragraph 220; Paragraph 221; Paragraph 222; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96; Paragraph 97; Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

Report on Election Dispute Resolution (2020)

Paragraph 52;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Report on Term-Limits Part I - Presidents (2018)

Paragraph 76;

Report on the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2013)

Paragraph 112; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 125; Paragraph 126; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 86 (e); Paragraph 87; VI (I);

Report on the Thresholds and other Features of Electoral Systems which bar Parties from acces to Parliament (II) (2010)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 66;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Amicus Curiae Brief on the Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

Paragraph 47;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96; Paragraph 97; Paragraph 98;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

2.2 (a); 2.2 (b); 2.2 (c); 2.2 (e); 3.1; 3.1 (15);

RUSSIAN FEDERATION- Opinion on the Federal Law on the Election of the Deputies of the State Duma (2012)

Paragraph 4.8.81 (.8.81);

SERBIA - Joint opinion on the constitutional and legal framework governing the functioning of democratic institutions - Electoral law and electoral administration (2022)

SERBIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Financing Political Activities (2010)

Paragraph 3iv.30 (iv.30);

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56;

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 48;

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 71;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code as Amended on 9 November 2015 (2016)

Paragraph 52; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56; Pararaph 53;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2013)

Paragraph 4E (E);

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3F.44 (F.44); Paragraph 3H.60 (H.60); Paragraph 3O.91 (O.91);

UKRAINE - Comments on the Draft Law on the All-Ukrainian Referendum by Mr O. Lavrynovych (Member of Parliament) (2008)

Paragraph 25;

UKRAINE - Comments on the Draft Law on the All-Ukrainian Referendum by Mr O. Lavrynovych (Member of Parliament) (2009)

Paragraph 23;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Laws on Election of People's Deputies and on the Central Election Commission and on the Draft Law on Repeat Elections of Ukraine (2013)

Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 50; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2011)

Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89;

UKRAINE - Opinion on the Draft Law Amending the Law on Election of People's Deputies of Ukraine Presented by People's Deputies Lavrynovych and Portnov (2009)

Paragraph 11;

UKRAINE - Opinion on the Law on National Referendum (2013)

Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 95;

UKRAINE- Opinion on the draft Law on election of people's deputies (Draft introducted by people's deputies S. Havrish, Y. Ioffe and H. Dashutin) (2003)

Paragraph 40;

UKRANIE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law Amending Certain Legislative Acts Which Restrict the Participation in the State Power of Persons Associated with Political Parties Whose Activities are Prohibited by Law (2023)

Paragraph 37 ;

Urgent Report on the cancellation of election results by Constitutional Courts (2025)

Section 52. ; Section 56. ; Section 57. ; Section 58. ; Section 73. ; Section 76. ; Section 77. ; Section 78. ;

VENEZUELA - ON THE LEGAL ISSUES RAISED BY DECREE No. 2878 OF 23 MAY 2017 OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC ON CALLING ELECTIONS TO A NATIONAL CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY (2017)

Paragraph 18; Paragraph 78;

Report on the compatibility of remote voting and electronic voting with the standards of the Council of Europe (2004)

Paragraph 55;