Council of Europe - Venice Commission

01. ESTONIA - Extracts of the Constitution (2025)

Article 156 ;

ALBANIA - Constitution (2016)

Article 109;

ALBANIA - Constitution of Albania (2020)

Article 109; Article 115; Article 170;

ARMENIA - Constitution (2015)

Article 181; Article 48; Article 7;

AUSTRIA - Extracts of the Costitution (2000)

Article 117; Article 117;

BELARUS - Constitution (2004)

Article 118;

BELGIUM - Constitution (2020)

Article 162;

BELGIUM - Extracts Constitution (2014)

Article 162;

BULGARIA - Constitution (2015)

Article 42;

BULGARIA - Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria (2023)

Article 138; Article 139; Article 42;

CROATIA - Constitution (2010)

Article 133;

CROATIA - Extracts of the Constitution (2013)

Article 128;

ESTONIA - Extracts of the Constitution (1992)

Article 156;

ESTONIA - Extracts of the Constitution (2011)

Article 156;

FINLAND - Constitution (2011)

Section 14;

FINLAND - Constitution (2018)

Section 119; Section 14;

GEORGIA - Constitution (2020)

Article 74;

GEORGIA - Extracts of Constitution (2006)

Article 101.1; Article 28;

GERMANY - Constitution (2022)

Article 137; Article 28 ;

GREECE- Extracts of the Constitution (1975)

Article 102;

HUNGARY - Extracts of the Constitution (2013)

Article 35; Article XXIII;

IRELAND - Extracts of the Constitution (1937)

Article 28A (A);

ITALY - Extracts of the Constitution (1947)

Article 122;

ITALY - Extracts of the Constitution (2024)

Article 117 ;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitution (2011)

Article 86;

KOSOVO - Constitution (2015)

Article 123;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Constitution (2011)

Article 112; Article 52;

LATVIA - Constitution (2019)

Article 101;

LATVIA - Constitution (2014)

Article 101;

LIECHTENSTEIN- Extracts of the Constitution (1921)

Article 110; Article 111;

LITHUANIA - Constitution (1992)

Article 67;

LITHUANIA - Extracts of the Constitution (1992)

Article 119;

LUXEMBOURG- Extracts of the Constitution (1994)

Article 107; Article 191 (Loi électorale du 18 février 2003);

MONACO- Extracts of the Constitution (1962)

Article 79; Article 80;

MONTENEGRO - Constitution (2013)

Article 113;

MOROCCO - Constitution (2011)

Article 63;

NETHERLANDS- Extracts of the Constitution (1983)

Article 129; Article 130; Article 27;

POLAND - Extracts of the Constitution (1997)

Article 228;

ROMANIA - Constitution Excerpts (2003)

Article 121; Article 37;

SERBIA - Constitution (2006)

Article 176; Article 180;

SLOVAKIA - Constitution (2002)

Article 129; Article 30; Article 69; Article 89;

SPAIN - Extracts of the Constitution (1978)

Article 140;

TUNISIA - Constitution (2014)

Article 133;

TÜRKIYE - Extracts of the Constitution (2001)

Article 127;

UKRAINE - Constitution (1996)

Article 141; Article 141; Article 85; Article 85;

02. ESTONIA - Municipal Council Election Act (2025)

03. ESTONIA – Referendum Act ()

Article 3 ;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2008)

Article 1; Article 10; Article 120; Article 165; Article 166; Article 70;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2003)

Article 14; Article 42; Article 45; Article 7; Article 77; Article 81; Article 87; Article 88; Article 89;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 1; Article 10; Article 119; Article 29; Article 33; Article 37; Article 67; Article 70; Article 8; Article 84; Article 84 (1§);

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

ANDORRA - Electoral Law (2007)

Article 59; Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 64;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2002)

Article 1; Article 120; Article 121; Article 122; Article 123; Article 124; Article 125; Article 126; Article 127; Article 128; Article 129; Article 130; Article 131; Article 132; Article 133; Article 134; Article 135; Article 2; Article 42;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2021)

Article 1; Article 12; Article 19; Article 2; Article 20; Article 21; Article 24; Article 26; Article 44; Article 46; Article 69;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 1 ; Article 104 (1); Article 106 ; Article 107 ; Article 108 ; Article 109 ; Article 110 ; Article 111 ; Article 112; Article 113 ; Article 114 ; Article 115 ; Article 116 ; Article 117 ; Article 118 ; Article 119 ; Article 12 ; Article 120 ; Article 121 ; Article 122; Article 122 (1 ); Article 125 ; Article 126; Article 127; Article 128 ; Article 128 (1 ); Article 129; Article 130; Article 131 ; Article 132; Article 133 ; Article 134 ; Article 135 (1); Article 135 ; Article 136 ; Article 137 ; Article 138 ; Article 139; Article 140 ; Article 141 ; Article 142; Article 142 (1 ); Article 142 (2 ); Article 142 (3 ); Article 19 ; Article 2; Article 21 ; Article 24 ; Article 26 ; Article 5 ; Article 51 ; Article 67 ; Article 68 ; Article 69; Article 73 ; Article 74 ; Article 75;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2016)

; Article 12; Article 19; Article 20; Article 21; Article 24; Article 26; Article 46; Article 69;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2018)

Article 1; Article 12; Article 19; Article 2; Article 20; Article 21; Article 24; Article 44; Article 46; Article 69;

ARMENIA- Electoral Code (2007)

Article 120; Article 121; Article 122; Article 123; Article 124; Article 125; Article 126; Article 128; Article 129; Article 130; Article 132; Article 133; Article 134; Article 135; Article 137; Article 63;

AUSTRIA - Federal Law on National Council Elections (Regulations on National Council Elections 1992 – NRWO) (1992)

§ 2;

AUSTRIA - Federal Law on the Election of the National Council (National Council Election Regulation 1992 – NRWO) (1992)

Article 84; Article 85; Article 88;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 1; Article 16; Article 210; Article 7;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 102; Article 15; Article 16; Article 17; Article 22; Article 29; Article 39; Article 40; Article 41; Article 55; Article 58; Article 60; Article 64; Article 95; Article 96;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

BiH – Election Law last (amended 2024) (2001)

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 13 (1); Article 13 (2 ); Article 13 (4); Article 13 (6); Article 13 (7); Article 13 (10); Article 13 (11); Article 13 (12); Article 13 (13); Article 19 (1); Article 19 (2); Article 19 (3); Article 19 (4); Article 19 (5); Article 19 (6); Article 19 (7); Article 20 (9);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2016)

Article 13.1; Article 13.10; Article 13.11; Article 13.12; Article 13.13; Article 13.14; Article 13.2; Article 13.5; Article 13.6; Article 13.7; Article 14.3 (a); Article 15.10; Article 18.2; Article 19.1; Article 19.2 (*); Article 19.5; Article 19.6; Article 19.7;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINIA - Election Law (2001)

Article 13.01 (.01); Article 13.02 (.02); Article 13.04 (.04); Article 13.05 (.05); Article 13.06 (.06); Article 13.07 (.07); Article 13.10 (.10); Article 13.11 (.11); Article 13.12 (.12); Article 13.13 (.13);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

*Article 19 (2); *Article 19 (4); Article 13 (1); Article 13 (2); Article 13 (3); Article 13 (4); Article 13 (5); Article 13 (6); Article 13 (7); Article 13 (10); Article 13 (11); Article 13 (12); Article 13 (13); Article 19 (1); Article 19 (3); Article 19 (6); Article 19 (6); Article 20 (9);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

*Article 19 (2); *Article 19 (4); Article 13 (5); Article 13 (6); Article 13 (10); Article 13 (11); Article 13 (12); Article 13 (13); Article 19 (1); Article 19 (3); Article 19 (5); Article 19 (6); Article 19 (7); Article 20 (9);

BULGARIA - Election Code (2019)

ANNEX № 4 TO ART. 452, PARA. 1 ((suppl. - SG 39/16, in force from 26.05.2016, amen); ANNEX № 5 TO ART. 453, PARA 1 ((amend. and suppl. - SG 39/16, in force from 26.05); Article 117; Article 118; Article 120; Article 124; Article 127; Article 129; Article 130; Article 131; Article 132; Article 136; Article 140; Article 143; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 152; Article 163; Article 165; Article 2; Article 218; Article 242; Article 25; Article 26; Article 29; Article 34; Article 396; Article 397; Article 398; Article 399; Article 4; Article 401; Article 404; Article 405; Article 405 (a); Article 408; Article 41; Article 411; Article 413; Article 414; Article 416; Article 419; Article 42; Article 420; Article 422; Article 425; Article 426; Article 427; Article 432; Article 437; Article 440; Article 441; Article 445; Article 449; Article 452; Article 453; Article 454; Article 456; Article 457; Article 459; Article 462; Article 463; Article 464; Article 466; Article 467; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 9; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2020)

ANNEX № 4 TO ART. 452, PARA. 1 ((suppl. - SG 39/16, in force from 26.05.2016, amen); ANNEX № 5 TO ART. 453, PARA 1 ((amend. and suppl. - SG 39/16, in force from 26.05); Article 117; Article 118; Article 120; Article 124; Article 127; Article 129; Article 130; Article 131; Article 132; Article 136; Article 140; Article 143; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 152; Article 163; Article 165; Article 2; Article 218; Article 242; Article 25; Article 26; Article 29; Article 34; Article 396; Article 397; Article 398; Article 399; Article 4; Article 401; Article 404; Article 405; Article 405 (a); Article 408; Article 41; Article 411; Article 413; Article 414; Article 416; Article 419; Article 42; Article 420; Article 421; Article 422; Article 425; Article 426; Article 427; Article 432; Article 437; Article 440; Article 441; Article 445; Article 449; Article 452; Article 453; Article 454; Article 456; Article 457; Article 459; Article 462; Article 463; Article 464; Article 466; Article 467; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 9; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2021)

A N N EX № 4 TO A R T.452,PA R A .1 ((suppl. - SG 39/16, in force from 26.05.2016, amen); A N N EX № 5 TO A R T.453,PA R A 1 ((amend. and suppl. - SG 39/16, in force from 26.05); Article 117; Article 118; Article 120; Article 124; Article 127; Article 129; Article 130; Article 131; Article 132; Article 136; Article 140; Article 143; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 152; Article 163; Article 165; Article 2; Article 242; Article 25; Article 26; Article 29; Article 34; Article 396; Article 397; Article 398; Article 399; Article 4; Article 401; Article 404; Article 405; Article 405 (a); Article 408; Article 41; Article 411; Article 413; Article 414; Article 416; Article 419; Article 42; Article 420; Article 421; Article 422; Article 425; Article 426; Article 427; Article 432; Article 437; Article 440; Article 441; Article 445; Article 449; Article 452; Article 453; Article 454; Article 456; Article 457; Article 459; Article 462; Article 463; Article 464; Article 466; Article 467; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 9; § 21; § 4; § 6;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2014)

ANNEX № 4 TO ART. 452, PARA. 1; ANNEX № 5 TO ART. 453, PARA 1; Article 117; Article 118; Article 120; Article 124; Article 127; Article 129; Article 130; Article 131; Article 132; Article 136; Article 139; Article 140; Article 143; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 152; Article 163; Article 165; Article 2; Article 218; Article 242; Article 25; Article 29; Article 34; Article 396; Article 397; Article 397; Article 398; Article 399 ; Article 4; Article 400; Article 401; Article 402; Article 403; Article 404; Article 405; Article 405a; Article 406; Article 407; Article 408; Article 409; Article 41; Article 410 ; Article 412; Article 413; Article 415; Article 416; Article 417; Article 418; Article 42; Article 420; Article 421; Article 422; Article 423; Article 424; Article 425; Article 426; Article 427; Article 428; Article 429; Article 430 ; Article 431; Article 432; Article 433; Article 434; Article 435; Article 437; Article 452; Article 453; Article 454; Article 458 ; Article 459; Article 461; Article 462; Article 463; Article 464; Article 465; Article 466; Article 468; Article 469; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83 ; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 9 ; § 2; § 5; § 6; § 8;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2023)

Annex N° 4 to Art. 452, PARA. 1 ; Annex N° 5 to Art. 453, PARA 1 ; Article 117; Article 118; Article 120; Article 124; Article 127; Article 129; Article 130; Article 131; Article 132; Article 136; Article 139; Article 140; Article 143; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 152; Article 163; Article 165; Article 2 ; Article 218; Article 242; Article 25; Article 25; Article 29; Article 34; Article 396; Article 397; Article 398; Article 399; Article 4 ; Article 400; Article 401; Article 402; Article 403; Article 404; Article 405; Article 405a; Article 406; Article 407; Article 408; Article 409; Article 41; Article 410; Article 411; Article 412; Article 413; Article 414; Article 415; Article 416; Article 417; Article 418; Article 42; Article 420; Article 421; Article 422; Article 423; Article 424; Article 425; Article 426; Article 427; Article 428; Article 429; Article 430; Article 431; Article 432; Article 433; Article 434; Article 435; Article 437; Article 452; Article 453; Article 454; Article 458; Article 459; Article 461; Article 462; Article 463; Article 464; Article 465; Article 466; Article 468; Article 469; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 9 ; Paragraph 2; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 8;

BULGARIA- Act on Election of Members of Parliament (2001)

Article 138;

COSTA RICA - Electoral Act (2009)

ARTICLE 100; ARTICLE 101; ARTICLE 102; ARTICLE 150; ARTICLE 151; ARTICLE 201; ARTICLE 202; ARTICLE 204; ARTICLE 208; ARTICLE 253; ARTICLE 258; ARTICLE 263; ARTICLE 310 (Article 14 of the Municipal Law); ARTICLE 99;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Municipality Heads, Mayors, County Prefects and Mayor of City of Zagreb (2008)

Article 1; Article 2;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Members of Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-Government Units (2005)

Article 1; Article 26; Article 3; Article 4; Article 6;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Municipality Heads, Mayors, County Prefects and Mayor of City of Zagreb (2007)

Article 1; Article 2;

CROATIA - Act on Local Elections 2012 and Act on Amendments 2016 (2012)

Article 1; Article 10; Article 100; Article 101; Article 102; Article 103; Article 104; Article 105; Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 109; Article 11; Article 110; Article 111; Article 112; Article 113; Article 114; Article 115; Article 116; Article 117; Article 118; Article 119; Article 12; Article 120; Article 121; Article 122; Article 123; Article 124; Article 125; Article 126; Article 127; Article 128; Article 129; Article 13; Article 130; Article 131; Article 132; Article 133; Article 134; Article 135; Article 136; Article 137; Article 138; Article 139; Article 14; Article 140; Article 141; Article 15; Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 2; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29; Article 3; Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 37; Article 38; Article 39; Article 4; Article 40; Article 41; Article 42; Article 43; Article 44; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49; Article 5; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 6; Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 7; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 73; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 8; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 88; Article 89; Article 9; Article 90; Article 91; Article 92; Article 93; Article 94; Article 95; Article 96; Article 97; Article 98; Article 99;

DENMARK - Local and Regional Government Elections Act (2024)

102; Section 1; Section 1 (a); Section 10; Section 100; Section 103; Section 104; Section 106; Section 107; Section 107 (a); Section 108; Section 108 (a); Section 109; Section 11; Section 110; Section 12; Section 13; Section 14 ; Section 15; Section 16; Section 17; Section 18; Section 19; Section 2; Section 20; Section 21; Section 21 (a); Section 22; Section 23; Section 23 (a); Section 24; Section 24 (a); Section 24 (b); Section 24 (c); Section 25; Section 26 (a); Section 26; Section 27; Section 28; Section 29; Section 3; Section 3 (a); Section 30; Section 31; Section 32; Section 33; Section 34; Section 36; Section 38; Section 39; Section 4; Section 40; Section 41; Section 42; Section 43; Section 44; Section 45; Section 46; Section 47; Section 48; Section 49; Section 5; Section 50; Section 51; Section 52; Section 53; Section 53 (a); Section 54; Section 55; Section 56; Section 57; Section 58; Section 59; Section 6; Section 6 (a); Section 60; Section 61; Section 62; Section 63; Section 64; Section 65; Section 66; Section 67; Section 68; Section 69; Section 7 ; Section 70; Section 71; Section 72; Section 73; Section 74; Section 76; Section 77; Section 78; Section 78 (a); Section 79; Section 8; Section 80; Section 81; Section 82; Section 84; Section 85; Section 86; Section 87; Section 88; Section 88; Section 89; Section 9; Section 90; Section 91; Section 92; Section 93; Section 94; Section 95; Section 96; Section 97; Section 98; Section 99; Section75;

DENMARK- Folketing (Parliamentary) Election Act (1987)

Article 9;

ESTONIA - Municipal Council Election Act (2020)

ESTONIA - Referendum Act (2020)

Paragraph 3;

ESTONIA - Referendum Act (2016)

§ 3.;

ESTONIA – Local Government Council Election Act (1999)

Article 1; Article 2;

ESTONIA – President of the Republic Election Act (1996)

Article 22;

FINLAND - Election Act (2013)

FINLAND - Elections Act (2016)

GEORGIA - Election Code (2018)

HUNGARY - Act C on Electoral Procedure (1997)

Article 100;

HUNGARY - Act L of 2010 on the Election of Local Government Representatives and Mayors (2024)

Section 1; Section 10; Section 11; Section 12; Section 13; Section 15 ; Section 16; Section 17 ; Section 18; Section 20; Section 21; Section 21 (A); Section 21 (B); Section 24 (B); Section 3; Section 6; Section 9 ; Section 9 (A);

HUNGARY - Act L of 2010 on the Election of Municipal Representatives and Mayors (2010)

Section 16.; Section 1; Section 10; Section 11; Section 12; Section 13; Section 15; Section 17; Section 18; Section 20; Section 21; Section 21 (A); Section 21 (B); Section 3; Section 6; Section 9; Section 9 (A);

HUNGARY - Act XXIII of 2022 Amending Certain Electoral and Related Laws (2022)

Section 1; Section 40;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

HUNGARY – Act L of 2010 on the election of local government representatives and mayors (2025)

ICELAND - Elections Act (2021)

ICELAND - Elections Act (2023)

ICELAND - Local Government Elections Act (2016)

Article 100; Article 13; Article 16; Article 17; Article 20; Article 37;

IRELAND - Electoral Act (2016)

Article 10; Article 15 (A); Article 25 (C); Article 28;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitutional Act On Elections (2011)

KOREA - Public Offical Election Act (2014)

Article 11; Article 111; Article 119; Article 121; Article 122 (.2); Article 13; Article 135 (.2); Article 138; Article 146; Article 150; Article 157; Article 158 (.2); Article 16; Article 178; Article 179; Article 184; Article 189; Article 190; Article 190 (.2); Article 191; Article 192; Article 193; Article 194; Article 196; Article 197; Article 2; Article 200; Article 201; Article 203; Article 207; Article 21; Article 216; Article 219; Article 223; Article 226; Article 23; Article 26; Article 265 (.2); Article 275; Article 277; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 33; Article 34; Article 36; Article 47; Article 49; Article 53; Article 57; Article 60 (.2); Article 61; Article 61 (.2); Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 73; Article 79; Article 82; Article 82 (.2); Article 82 (.7); Article 86; Article 86; Article 91;

KOSOVO - Law No. 03/L-072 on Local Elections (2008)

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 101; Article 2;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Electoral Code (2004)

Article 19; Article 21; Article 79; Article 88;

LATVIA - Law on the Election of Local Government Councils (2020)

Section 1; Section 10. ; Section 11. ; Section 12. ; Section 15. ; Section 16. ; Section 17. ; Section 18. ; Section 19. ; Section 2; Section 20. ; Section 21. ; Section 22. ; Section 22. (1); Section 23. ; Section 24. (1); Section 25. ; Section 26. ; Section 27. ; Section 28. ; Section 29.; Section 3. ; Section 32. ; Section 32. (1); Section 33. (1); Section 33. (2); Section 34. ; Section 35. ; Section 36. ; Section 36. (1); Section 36. (2); Section 36. (3); Section 37. ; Section 37. (1); Section 38. ; Section 38. (1); Section 39. ; Section 4. ; Section 40. ; Section 40. (1); Section 40. (2); Section 40. (3); Section 41. ; Section 43. ; Section 44. ; Section 45. ; Section 45. (1); Section 45. (2); Section 45. (3); Section 45. (4); Section 45. (5); Section 45. (6); Section 45. (7); Section 45. (8); Section 45. (9); Section 45. (10); Section 8. ; Section 9. ;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to Municipal Councils (2012)

Article 25; Article 25; Article 26; Article 30; Article 35; Article 52;

LITHUANIA - Law on Referendum (2002)

Article 15.1 (.1);

MALTA - Act to Regulate the Formation, the Structures, Functioning and Financing of Political Parties and their Participation in Elections (2015)

Article 2;

MEXICO - General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures of Mexico (2014)

Article 207; Article 218 ; Article 25; Article 253; Article 259; Article 26;

MEXICO - General Law on Political Parties (2014)

Article 24; Article 83; Article 87; Article 88; Article 94;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

MOLDOVA – Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

MONTENEGRO - Law on Voter Register (2023)

Article 16;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (1989)

Article 2B3.1 (B3.1); Article 2C4.1 (C4.1); Article 2F1 (F1); Article 2G3 (G3); Article 2G4 (G4); Article 2H14 (H14); Article 2H4 (H4); Article 2H7 (H7); Article 2I15 (I15); Article 2I17 (I17); Article 2O3 (O3); Article 2O4 (O4); Article 2P1 (P1); Article 2P19 (P19);

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (2013)

Section B3; Section E1; Section E11; Section E7; Section F1; Section G3; Section G4; Section H14; Section H4; Section H7; Section I15; Section I17; Section I9; § 2-2. Right to vote at local government elections;

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

NORWAY - Election Act (2018)

Paragraph 1 (1); Paragraph 1 (2); Paragraph 12 (1); Paragraph 2 (2); Paragraph 2 (3); Paragraph 3 (3); Paragraph 3 (4); Paragraph 6 (1); Paragraph 6 (2); Paragraph 6 (3); Paragraph 6 (4); Paragraph 7 (1); Paragraph 7 (2); Paragraph 9 (1);

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 1; Article 10; Article 11; Article 181 (a); Article 26; Article 28; Article 30; Article 32; Article 5 ; Article 53 (b); Article 84;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 10; Article 11; Article 12; Article 5; Article 84;

POLAND - Election Code Amendments (2023)

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

Article 120; Article 123;

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

Article 120; Article 123;

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 120;

ROMANIA - Law No. 334 (2006)

Article 20; Article 21; Article 28; Article 38; Article 6 ;

ROMANIA - Law no. 334/2006 on financing the activity of political parties and electoral campaigns (2006)

Article 16; Article 30; Article 31; Article 5;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

Article 120; Article 123;

ROMANIA - Regulations for the 2016 Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2015)

Article 103; Article 120;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 44; Article 44;

SAN MARINO - Electoral Procedures for the Special Polling Station of the State Hospital in the Elections of the Heads of the Township Councils and of the Township Councils and Amendments to Delegated Decree no. 117/2007 for Home Voting (2009)

Article 1; Article 5;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2011)

Article 2; Article 8;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2020)

Article 1; Article 2; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 56; Article 59; Article 60; Article 8;

SLOVAKIA - Act of the National Council on Local Elections (1998)

Article 59; Article 59; Article 62; Article 62; Article 63; Article 63;

SLOVAKIA - Act on conditions for the exercise of the right to vote (2019)

Article 131; Article 132 ; Article 133 ; Article 134 ; Article 157 ; Article 158; Article 163 ; Article 164 ; Article 165 ; Article 166 ; Article 189 ; Article 190;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election Campaign (2019)

Article 13; Article 6; Article 7 ;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (2013)

Article 23; Article 28; Article 3;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (ZVRK) (2007)

Article 23; Article 28 ; Article 3;

SLOVENIA - Local Elections Act (2023)

Article 10; Article 103; Article 104; Article 105; Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 109; Article 11; Article 110; Article 111; Article 112; Article 114; Article 115; Article 116; Article 12; Article 13; Article 14; Article 15; Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 2 ; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 27 ; Article 28; Article 29 ; Article 30 ; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 36 ; Article 38 ; Article 39; Article 41 ; Article 45 ; Article 48 ; Article 5; Article 50 ; Article 54; Article 55 ; Article 55; Article 6; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 7; Article 70 (a); Article 8; Article 80 ; Article 9;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

Article 176; Article 177; Article 178; Article 179; Article 180; Article 181; Article 182; Article 183; Article 185; Article 188; Article 189; Article 190; Article 191; Article 193; Article 194; Article 195;

SWEDEN - Elections act (2021)

1.3; 10.2; 14.21; 14.22; 14.23; 14.26; 14.28; 14.29 ; 14.6; 14.7; 14.8; 2.10; 4.1; 4.11; 4.12; 4.14; 4.15; 4.16; 4.7; 5.2a;

SWEDEN - Elections Act (2005)

Article 10 (Chapter 15); Article 11 (Chapter 4); Article 14 (Chapter 4); Article 2 (Chapter 2); Article 2 (Chapter 10); Article 21 (Chapter 14); Article 23 (Chapter 14); Article 26 (Chapter 14); Article 27 (Chapter 4.5); Article 28 (Chapter 14); Article 9 (Chapter 13);

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Local Elections (2004)

Article 1; Article 13; Article 13; Article 14; Article 14; Article 2; Article 21; Article 5; Article 69; Article 70; Article 8;

TÜRKIYE - Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers (1999)

Article 17; Article 18;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

Article 1; Provisional Article 2;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

Article 1;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Elections of Local Administrations and Neighborhood Mukhtars and Board of Elderman (2012)

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 13; Article 192; Article 193; Article 194; Article 195; Article 196; Article 197; Article 198; Article 199; Article 200; Article 201; Article 202; Article 203; Article 204; Article 205; Article 205; Article 207; Article 208; Article 209; Article 210; Article 211; Article 212; Article 213; Article 214; Article 215; Article 216; Article 217; Article 218; Article 219; Article 220; Article 221; Article 222; Article 223; Article 224; Article 225; Article 226; Article 227; Article 228; Article 229; Article 230; Article 231; Article 232; Article 233; Article 234; Article 235; Article 236; Article 237; Article 238; Article 239; Article 240; Article 241; Article 242; Article 246; Article 247; Article 248; Article 249; Article 250; Article 251; Article 252; Article 253; Article 254; Article 255; Article 256; Article 257; Article 258; Article 259; Article 260; Article 268; Article 269; Article 278; Article 280; Article 281; Article 282; Article 283; Article 284; Article 285; Article 286; Article 287; Article 288; Article 289; Article 3; Article 5; Article 7; Paragraph 1;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Artice 224; Article 13 ; Article 192; Article 193; Article 194; Article 195; Article 196; Article 197; Article 198; Article 199; Article 200; Article 201; Article 202; Article 203; Article 204; Article 205; Article 207; Article 208; Article 209; Article 210; Article 211; Article 212; Article 213; Article 214; Article 215; Article 216; Article 217; Article 218; Article 219; Article 220; Article 221; Article 222; Article 223; Article 225; Article 226; Article 227; Article 228; Article 229; Article 230; Article 231; Article 232; Article 233; Article 234; Article 235; Article 236; Article 237; Article 238; Article 239; Article 240; Article 241; Article 242; Article 246; Article 247; Article 248; Article 249; Article 250; Article 252; Article 253; Article 254; Article 255; Article 256; Article 257; Article 258; Article 259; Article 260; Article 268; Article 269; Article 278; Article 280; Article 281; Article 282; Article 283; Article 284; Article 285; Article 286; Article 287; Article 288; Article 289; Article 3 ; Article 5 ; Article 51 ; Article 7 ;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of Deputies of Local Radas and of Village, Settlement, City Chairmen (1998)

UKRAINE - Law on the Central Election Commission (2004)

Article 21;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2022)

Article 12; Article 13; Article 20; Article 22;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2024)

12; 13; 20; 22; 66;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Amendements to the Constitution of 30 July of 2020 and to the Electoral Code of 5 Octobre 2020 (2020)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 47;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Practice (2011)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 9;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 99;

ALBANIA - Opinion on the Scope of the Power of the President to set the Dates of Elections (2019)

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 18;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draf Electoral Code (As of 18 April 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 101; Paragraph 102; Paragraph 104; Paragraph 106; Paragraph 106; Paragraph 100; Paragraph 103; Paragraph 105; Paragraph 107; Paragraph 108; Paragraph 118; Paragraph 119; Paragraph 120; Paragraph 121; Paragraph 122;

ARMENIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Amendemnts to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 29; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 53;

ARMENIA - Second Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (As Amended on 30 June 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 74;

ARMENIA - Second Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Constitution (In Particular to Chapters 8, 9, 11 to 16) (2015)

Paragraph 57;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 26;

ARMENIA- Opinion on the issue of the Immunity of Persons involved in the Electoral Process (2008)

Paragraph 38;

AZERBAIJAN - Final Opinion on the amendments to the Election Code (2005)

Paragraph 12;

AZERBAIJAN- Joint Opinion on the Revised Draft Law Making Amendments to the Law On the Status of Municipalities (2014)

Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Amicus Curiae brief for the Constitutional Court on certain provisions of the Election Law, of the constitution of the federation and of the statue of the city of Mostar (2010)

Paragraph 2; Paragraph 3; Paragraph 4; Paragraph 5.A (.A); Paragraph 5.B (.B);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Joint Opinion on amendments to the Election Law (2008)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 23;

BULGARIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code (2017)

Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 46;

CROATIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Voters Lists (2007)

Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 48;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2006)

Paragraph 18; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 7;

GEORGIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the amendments to the Organic Law Election Code of Georgia, pertaining to local elections (2025)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 49;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Draft Organic Law on: Making amendments and additions into the Organic Law-Election Code of Georgia (2005)

Paragraph 1; Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 26;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2002)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2004)

Paragraph 5;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 117; Paragraph 118; Paragraph 119; Paragraph 120;

HUNGARY - Joint Opinion on the 2020 Amendments to the Electoral Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 14; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 6;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Law (2014)

Paragraph 127;

KYRGYZSTAN - Urgent Amicus Curiae Brief Relating to the Postponement of Elections Motivated by Constitutional Reform (2020)

Paragraph 46;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code and other Related Laws Concerning Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

Paragraph 29; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 58;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Legal Framework of Governing the Funding of Political Parties and Electoral Campaigns (2017)

Paragraph 33;

MOLDOVA – Urgent joint opinion on the draft Law no. 263 amending the Electoral Code, the Contravention Code and the Code of Audiovisual Media Services (2020)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 22;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 22; Paragraph 66;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 67;

MOLDOVA- Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 19; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 8;

MONTENEGRO - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of Members of Parliament and Councillors (2020)

Paragraph 57;

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 45;

Report on Democracy, Limitation of Mandates and Incompatibility of Political Functions (2012)

Paragraph 46; Paragraph 84;

Report on Dual Voting For Persons Belonging to National Minorities (2008)

Paragraph 39;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Paragraph 51; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 87;

Report on Electoral Rules and Affirmative Action for National Minorities´Participation in Decision-Making Process in European Countries (2005)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 69;

Report on Proportional Electoral Systems: The Allocation of seats inside the lists (open/closed) lists (2015)

Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27;

Report on Term-Limits Part II - Members of Parliament- Part III - Representatives elected at Sub-national and Local Level and Executive Officials electred at Sub-national and Local Level (2019)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 8;

Report on the Abolition of Restrictions on the right to vote in General Elections (2005)

Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 60;

Report on the Compliance with Council of Europe and other International Standards of the Inclusion of a not Internationally Recognised Territory into a Nationwide Constituency for Parliamentary Elections (2019)

Paragraph 50;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 79;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 79;

Report on the Impact of Electoral Systems on Women's Representation in Politics (2009)

Paragraph 21;

Report on the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2013)

Paragraph 66;

Report on the Recall of Mayors and Local Elected Representatives (2019)

Report out-of Country Voting (2011)

Paragraph 55; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 94;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 128;

ROMANIA - Opinion on the Emergency Ordinance regarding the merger of the 2024 elections for the European Parliament and for the local authorities (2025)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44;

SERBIA - Joint opinion on the constitutional and legal framework governing the functioning of democratic institutions - Electoral law and electoral administration (2022)

Paragraph 32; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 9;

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 86;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 14; Paragraph 151; Paragraph 153;

TÜRKIYE - Opinion on the Replacement of Elected Candidates and Mayors (2020)

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law "On Improving the Procedure for Establishing the Impossibility of Holding National and Local Elections, All-Ukranian and Local Referendums in Certain Territories and Polling Stations" (2021)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 9;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 82;

UKRANIE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law Amending Certain Legislative Acts Which Restrict the Participation in the State Power of Persons Associated with Political Parties Whose Activities are Prohibited by Law (2023)

Paragraph 28;

VENEZUELA - ON THE LEGAL ISSUES RAISED BY DECREE No. 2878 OF 23 MAY 2017 OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC ON CALLING ELECTIONS TO A NATIONAL CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY (2017)

Paragraph 22;

REPORT ON CONSTITUENCY DELINEATION AND SEAT ALLOCATION (2017)

Paragraph 122; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 63;

Report on Electoral Systems - Overview of available solutions and selection criteria (2003)

Paragraph 24; Paragraph 77;

Report on the compatibility of remote voting and electronic voting with the standards of the Council of Europe (2004)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 47;