Council of Europe - Venice Commission

BELGIUM - Extracts Constitution (2014)

Article 62;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2008)

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2003)

Article 10; Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 114; Article 94; Article 95; Article 96;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

ANDORRA - Electoral Law (2007)

Article 3; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 39; Article 4; Article 40; Article 45; Article 5; Article 52; Article 53; Article 57; Article 63;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2002)

Article 15; Article 16; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 8;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2021)

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 10 ; Article 103; Article 104. ; Article 11 ; Article 122; Article 122 (1 ); Article 128 (1 ); Article 16 ; Article 17 ; Article 18 ; Article 22 ; Article 26 ; Article 27 ; Article 32; Article 56 ; Article 57 ; Article 58 ; Article 59 ; Article 61 ; Article 62 ; Article 63 ; Article 64 ; Article 65; Article 66 ; Article 68 ;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2016)

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2018)

ARMENIA - Law on Referendum (2001)

Article 26;

AUSTRIA - Federal Law on National Council Elections (Regulations on National Council Elections 1992 – NRWO) (1992)

§ 118; § 36; § 52; § 53; § 55; § 56; § 57; § 58; § 61; § 63; § 65; § 66; § 68; § 70; § 71; § 72; § 84; § 85;

AUSTRIA - Federal Law on the Election of the National Council (National Council Election Regulation 1992 – NRWO) (1992)

Article 2; Article 38; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 72; Article 73; Article 74;

AUSTRIA - Federal Presidential Election Act (2016)

Section 10; Section 10 (a); Section 11; Section 3; Section 5;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

Article 105; Article 133; Article 234; Article 9; Article 98;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 133; Article 165; Article 198; Article 234; Article 35; Article 98;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan (last amended 2024) (2003)

Article 133; Article 165; Article 198; Article 35; Article 98;

AZERBAIJAN - Law on Local Elections (1999)

Article 36; Article 38;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 15; Article 17; Article 18; Article 24; Article 40; Article 45; Article 50;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 13; Article 133; Article 134; Article 138; Article 17; Article 18; Article 51;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

Article 13; Article 17; Article 18; Article 51;

BELGIUM - Electoral Code (2014)

Article 101; Article 108; Article 109; Article 111; Article 116; Article 130; Article 131; Article 138; Article 140; Article 142; Article 143; Article 147; Article 147 (bis); Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 162; Article 92; Article 95;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2016)

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law of the Brcko District (2003)

Article 2.2 (.2); Article 2.7 (.7);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINIA - Election Law (2001)

Article 2.03 (.03); Article 2.14 (.14); Article 2.15 (.15); Article 2.16 (.16); Article 2.18 (.18); Article 2.19 (.19); Article 2.20 (.20); Article 5.01 (.01); Article 5.02 (.02); Article 5.04 (.04); Article 5.06 (.06); Article 5.07 (.07); Article 5.08 (.08); Article 5.09 (.09); Article 5.11 (.11); Article 5.12 (.12); Article 5.13 (.13); Article 5.14 (.14);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2019)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2020)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2021)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2014)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2023)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2017)

BULGARIA- Act on Election of Members of Parliament (2001)

Article 89;

BULGARIA- Presidential Elections Act (1991)

Article 10k (k); Article 10n (n);

CANADA - Canada Elections Act (2023)

Paragraph 112; Paragraph 120; Paragraph 121; Paragraph 122; Paragraph 125; Paragraph 125 (1); Paragraph 135; Paragraph 136; Paragraph 139; Paragraph 140; Paragraph 141; Paragraph 143; Paragraph 175; Paragraph 206; Paragraph 207; Paragraph 208; Paragraph 253; Paragraph 255; Paragraph 538;

CANADA – Elections Act (Last amended on March 26, 2025) (2025)

Article 112; Article 120; Article 121; Article 125; Article 125 (1); Article 135; Article 136; Article 139; Article 140; Article 141; Article 143; Article 175; Article 206; Article 207; Article 208; Article 253; Article 255; Article 538;

COSTA RICA - Electoral Act (2009)

CROATIA - Act on Amendments to the Act on the Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (2015)

Article 27; Article 31; Article 35; Article 41; Article 43; Article 51 (Article 107.d); Article 51 (Article 107.f); Article 6;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Members of Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-Government Units (2005)

Article 37;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (1999)

Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 6; Article 60; Article 68; Article 7; Article 75; Article 77;

CROATIA - Act on Local Elections 2012 and Act on Amendments 2016 (2012)

Article 122; Article 47; Article 52; Article 53; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 60; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 74; Article 82; Article 99;

CROATIA - Act on the Election of National Minority Councils and Representatives (2019)

Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 60;

CROATIA - Law on the Election of Members of the Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-government Units (2001)

Article 33; Article 35; Article 36;

CROATIA - Law on the Election of the President (2011)

Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 31; Article 35;

CROATIA - Parliamentary Elections Act (2015)

Article 107 (d); Article 107 (f); Article 56; Article 7; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 76; Article 80;

CROATIA- The Law on the election of the President (1992)

Article 23; Article 25; Article 26;

CZECH REPUBLIC - Act on Elections to the Parliament (2006)

Article 12; Article 14a; Article 14b; Article 14e; Article 17; Article 19; Article 20; Article 36; Article 38; Article 66; Article 67; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Articulo 18;

CZECH REPUBLIC- Act on Elections to the Parliament and on Amendments of Certain Other Acts (1995)

Article 17; Article 18; Article 77;

DENMARK - Consolidated Act Concerning the Election of the Danish Members of the European Parliament (2024)

Section 2; Section 25; Section 27;

DENMARK - Local and Regional Government Elections Act (2024)

Section 105 (d);

DENMARK - Parliamentary Election Act (2014)

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2019)

29; 43; 45; 46; 47; 47 (a); 49; 50; 64; 68; 69; 71; 73; 99;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2020)

29; 43; 46; 47; 47 (a); 49; 50; 64; 68; 69; 71; 73; 99;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2024)

Section 29; Section 43; Section 44; Section 45; Section 46; Section 47; Section 47 (a); Section 49; Section 50; Section 64; Section 68; Section 69; Section 71; Section 73; Section 99;

DENMARK- Folketing (Parliamentary) Election Act (1987)

Article 10; Article 45;

DENMARK- Parliamentary Election Act (2009)

Article 29; Article 45; Article 46;

ESTONIA - Municipal Council Election Act (2025)

Article 40; Article 41; Article 42; Article 43; Article 6 ;

ESTONIA - Parliamentary Election Act (2002)

Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 38; Article 41; Article 42; Article 43; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 49; Article 54; Article 8;

ESTONIA - Parliamentary Election Act (2016)

§ 19.2; § 19.3; § 34. ; § 35. ; § 36.; § 37.; § 38. ; § 42. ;

ESTONIA - Referendum Act (2002)

Article 11; Article 22; Article 27; Article 28; Article 32; Article 42; Article 45; Article 47; Article 67;

ESTONIA - Referendum Act (2016)

§ 27. ; § 28.; § 39. ;

ESTONIA – Local Government Council Election Act (1999)

Article 30; Article 31;

ESTONIA – Referendum Act (2024)

Article 17 ; Article 27 ; Article 28 ;

ESTONIA – Riigikogu Election Act (2024)

Article 19 ; Article 19 (2); Article 34 ; Article 35; Article 36; Article 37 ; Article 42 ;

FINLAND - Election Act (2013)

Article 46; Article 48a (a); Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 73; Article 9;

FINLAND - Elections Act (2016)

Section 17; Section 44; Section 46; Section 47; Section 53; Section 56; Section 57; Section 60; Section 70; Section 71; Section 72; Section 73; Section 75; Section 78; Section 79; Section 9;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 2; Article 26; Article 27; Article 44; Article 58; Article 59; Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 8;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2016)

Article 2; Article 26; Article 27; Article 44; Article 58; Article 59; Article 60; Article 61; Article 8;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2018)

Article 2; Article 27; Article 44; Article 58; Article 59; Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 8; Paragraph 26;

GERMANY - Federal Elections Act (2013)

Article 31; Section 32; Section 32;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Law (1999)

Article 31; Article 32;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations (1994)

Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 50; Article 54; Article 55; Article 6; Article 60; Article 74; Article 83;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations (2017)

Section 12; Section 13; Section 19; Section 29; Section 46; Section 50; Section 54; Section 55; Section 61; Section 62; Section 63; Section 64;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations as of 2020 (2020)

Section 12 ; Section 13 ; Section 19 ; Section 29 ; Section 46; Section 50 ; Section 54 ; Section 55 ; Section 61; Section 62 ; Section 64;

GERMANY – Federal Elections Act (amended March 2024) (1993)

Section 2; Section 31;

GERMANY – Federal Electoral Regulations (2002)

Section 12; Section 13; Section 19; Section 29; Section 46; Section 50; Section 54; Section 55; Section 61; Section 62;

HUNGARY - Act C on Electoral Procedure (1997)

Article 105; Article 124; Article 143; Article 6; Article 61; Article 62; Article 66; Article 68; Article 90; Article 99;

HUNGARY - Act XXIII of 2022 Amending Certain Electoral and Related Laws (2022)

Section 26;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

Paragraph 69; Section 102; Section 103; Section 104; Section 107; Section 108; Section 112; Section 118; Section 13 (B); Section 14; Section 143 ; Section 143 (A); Section 15; Section 164; Section 165; Section 166; Section 167; Section 168; Section 169; SECTION 17; Section 170; Section 171; Section 172; Section 174; Section 175; Section 176; Section 177; Section 178; Section 179; Section 180; Section 181; Section 182; Section 183; Section 184; Section 185; Section 188; Section 189; Section 199; Section 202; Section 24; Section 241; Section 246; Section 247; Section 248; Section 249 (A); Section 250; Section 257; Section 257 (A); Section 257 (B); Section 259; Section 26; Section 260; Section 261; Section 262; Section 269; Section 28; Section 292; Section 30; Section 300; Section 307 (C); Section 307 (P); Section 311; Section 313; Section 314; Section 315; Section 32; Section 323; Section 323 (A); Section 327; Section 33; Section 330; Section 330 (A); Section 333; Section 337 (A); Section 34; Section 341 (A); Section 343 ; Section 345 ; Section 351 ; Section 367 (Annex 2 to Act XXXVI of 2013); Section 367 (Annex 3 to Act XXXVI of 2013); Section 37; Section 38; Section 77; Section 78; Section 79; Section 80; Section 81; Section 88;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

Section 102 ; Section 103 ; Section 104 ; Section 107 ; Section 108 ; Section 112 ; Section 115 ; Section 118 ; Section 13 (B); Section 14 ; Section 143 ; Section 143 (A); Section 15; Section 164; Section 165; Section 166; Section 167; Section 168; Section 169; Section 17 ; Section 170; Section 171; Section 172 ; Section 174; Section 175; Section 176; Section 177; Section 178; Section 179; Section 18 ; Section 180; Section 181; Section 182; Section 183; Section 184; Section 185; Section 188; Section 189; Section 198; Section 199; Section 202; Section 24 ; Section 241 ; Section 245 ; Section 246 ; Section 247 ; Section 248 ; Section 249 (A); Section 250; Section 257 ; Section 257 (A); Section 257 (B); Section 259; Section 26 ; Section 260 ; Section 262 ; Section 269; Section 28 ; Section 292; Section 30 ; Section 300; Section 307 (C); Section 307 (P); Section 311; Section 313; Section 314; Section 315; Section 32 ; Section 323; Section 323 (A); Section 327 ; Section 33 ; Section 330; Section 330 (A); Section 333; Section 337 (A); Section 34 ; Section 341 (A); Section 343 ; Section 345; Section 351; Section 367 (Annex 2 to Act XXXVI of 2013); Section 367 (Annex 3 to Act XXXVI of 2013); Section 37 ; Section 38 ; Section 40 ; Section 41 ; Section 44 ; Section 69 ; Section 77 ; Section 78 ; Section 79 ; Section 80; Section 81 ; Section 88 ;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

Annex 1 to Act XXXVI of 2013; Annex 2 to Act XXXVI of 2013; Annex 3 to Act XXXVI of 2013; Section 102; Section 103; Section 104; Section 107; Section 108; Section 112; Section 115; Section 118; Section 14; Section 143; Section 143 (A); Section 164; Section 165; Section 166; Section 167; Section 168; Section 169; Section 170; Section 171; Section 172; Section 174; Section 175; Section 176; Section 177; Section 178; Section 179; Section 180; Section 181; Section 182; Section 183; Section 184; Section 185; Section 188; Section 189; Section 202; Section 24; Section 241; Section 245; Section 246; Section 247; Section 248; Section 249 (A); Section 250; Section 257; Section 257 (A); Section 257 (B); Section 259; Section 26; Section 260; Section 262; Section 269; Section 269; Section 292; Section 30; Section 300; Section 307 (C); Section 307 (P); Section 311; Section 313; Section 314; Section 315; Section 323; Section 323 (A); Section 327; Section 33; Section 330; Section 330 (A); Section 333; Section 34; Section 341 (A); Section 343; Section 345; Section 351; Section 37; Section 38; Section 41; Section 44; Section 69; Section 77; Section 78; Section 79; Section 80; Section 81; Section 88;

HUNGARY- Act LXIV on the Election of Local Municipal Government Representatives and Mayors (1990)

Article 8;

ICELAND - Act No. 24 Concerning Parliamentary Elections to the Althing (2008)

Article 10; Article 15; Article 68; Article 69; Article 77;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2021)

Article 11; Article 144 (II); Article 17; Article 69; Article 78; Article 80; Article 81; Article 91;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2023)

Article 11; Article 144; Article 17 ; Article 69; Article 78; Article 80; Article 81; Article 91;

ICELAND - Local Government Elections Act (2016)

Article 14; Article 44; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49; Article 54; Article 66;

ICELAND - Local Government Elections Act No. 5/1998 (1998)

Article 13; Article 44; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 49; Article 66;

IRELAND - Electoral Act (2016)

Article 107; Article 28; Article 38; Article 85; Article 86; Article 93; Article 94; Article 98;

IRELAND - Presidential Elections Act (1993)

Article 12; Article 13; Article 36; Article 42;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitutional Act On Elections (2011)

Article 39;

KOREA - Public Offical Election Act (2014)

Article 146 (.2); Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 155; Article 158 (.3); Article 163; Article 164; Article 165; Article 166; Article 166 (.2); Article 168; Article 218 (.16); Article 218 (.17);

KOSOVO - Law No. 003/L-073 on General Elections and Amendments 2010 (2008)

Article 1; Article 21; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 93;

KOSOVO - Law No. 03/L-072 on Local Elections (2008)

Article 22; Article 23;

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 2; Article 22; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 93;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Electoral Code (2004)

Article 17; Article 37; Article 40; Article 8;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - On Presidential and Jogorku Kenesh Elections (2015)

Article 29;

KYRGYZSTAN - Law on Elections of the President of the Republic and the Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh (2020)

Article 13; Article 29; Article 30; Article 35; Article 37;

LATVIA - Law on City, District, County and Pagasts Election Commissions and Polling Station Commissions (2002)

Article 1; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 28;

LATVIA - Law on the Election of Local Government Councils (2020)

Section 23. ; Section 25. ;

LATVIA - Saeima Election Law (2022)

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (1998)

Article 16; Article 19; Article 22; Article 23; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29; Article 35; Article 43;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (1995)

Article 16; Article 18; Article 19; Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2019)

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2014)

Article 16; Article 47; Article 48 (1);

MALTA - General Elections Act (2023)

Article 2; Article 56; Article 59; Article 6 ; Article 61; Article 64; Article 66; Article 68; Article 70; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 90;

MALTA- General Elections Act (1996)

Article 111; Article 2; Article 57; Article 59; Article 64; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 68A (A); Article 69; Article 70; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81;

MALTA- General Elections Act (2009)

Article 58;

MEXICO - General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures of Mexico (2014)

MEXICO - General Law on Political Parties (2014)

Article 90;

MOLDOVA - Amendments to the Electoral Code (2020)

Article 31;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

MOLDOVA – Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 120; Article 158; Article 187; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 52; Article 74;

MOLDOVA- Law on the Election of the President (1996)

Article 13; Article 26; Article 27;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

MONTENEGRO - Law on the Election of the President (2023)

Article 9;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Voter Register (2023)

Article 1; Article 11; Article 12; Article 14; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 20; Article 4; Article 5;

MONTENEGRO - The Decree on Proclamation of the Law on Election of the President of Montenegro (2016)

Article 9;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (1989)

Article 2E.2 (E.2); Article 2E3 (E3); Article 2J1 (J1); Article 2J11 (J11); Article 2J12 (J12); Article 2J15 (J15); Article 2J16 (J16); Article 2J18 (J18); Article 2J2 (J2); Article 2J22 (J22); Article 2J23 (J23); Article 2J25 (J25); Article 2J26 (J26); Article 2J28 (J28); Article 2J29 (J29); Article 2J3 (J3); Article 2J30 (J30); Article 2J32 (J32); Article 2J35 (J35); Article 2J36 (J36); Article 2J37 (J37); Article 2J38 (J38); Article 2J39 (J39); Article 2J4 (J4); Article 2J5 (J5); Article 2J6 (J6); Article 2K1 (K1); Article 2K10 (K10); Article 2K11 (K11); Article 2K12 (K12); Article 2K13 (K13); Article 2K3 (K3); Article 2K4 (K4); Article 2K5 (K5); Article 2K6 (K6); Article 2K7 (K7); Article 2K8 (K8); Article 2K9 (K9); Article 2L10 (L10); Article 2L15 (L15); Article 2L17 (L17); Article 2M10 (M10); Article 2M11 (M11); Article 2M13 (M13); Article 2M17 (M17); Article 2M8 (M8); Article 2M9 (M9); Article 2N10 (N10); Article 2N11 (N11); Article 2N14 (N14); Article 2N16 (N16); Article 2N16A (N16A); Article 2N17 (N17); Article 2N19 (N19); Article 2N5 (N5); Article 2N6 (N6); Article 2N8 (N8);

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (2013)

Section J1; Section J15; Section J16; Section J18; Section J19; Section J30; Section J35; Section J36; Section J37; Section J38; Section J39; Section J4; Section J4a; Section J5; Section J6; Section V5;

NETHERLANDS – Elections Act 2013 (as of 2025) (2013)

Article E 11; Article E 12; Article E 13; Article E 14; Article E 15; Article E 5; Article E 7; Article E 8; Article E 9; Article Ea 1; Article Ea 6; Article J 1; Article J 10; Article J 11; Article J 12; Article J 13; Article J 14; Article J 15; Article J 16; Article J 17; Article J 18; Article J 19; Article J 21; Article J 24; Article J 25; Article J 26; Article J 28; Article J 29; Article J 30; Article J 34; Article J 35; Article J 36; Article J 38; Article J 39; Article J 4; Article J 4 (a); Article J 5; Article J 6; Article J 6 (a); Article K 1; Article L 15; Article L 17; Article M 12; Article N 1; Article N 1 (a); Article N 10; Article N 11; Article N 12; Article N 2; Article N 27; Article N 5; Article N 6; Article N 8; Article N 8 (a); Article N 9; Article Na 1; Article Na 11; Article Na 12; Article Na 13; Article Na 14; Article Na 15; Article Na 17; Article Na 19; Article Na 2; Article Na 20; Article Na 21; Article Na 22; Article Na 23; Article Na 24; Article Na 25; Article Na 26; Article Na 26 (a); Article Na 27; Article Na 3; Article Na 32; Article Na 33; Article Na 34; Article Na 35; Article Na 36; Article Na 4; Article Na 8; Article Na 9; Article O 1; Article O 10; Article O 11; Article O 12; Article O 16 (a); Article O 2; Article O 3; Article O 4; Article O 5; Article O 5 (a); Article O 6; Article O 9; Article P 1 (a); Article P 1 (d); Article P 1 (e); Article P 1 (f); Article P 1 (i); Article P 21; Article P 24; Article Pa 20; Article Pa 24; Article Pa 5; Article T 11; Article T 7; Article V 4 (a); Article V 4 (b); Article V 5; Article V 6; Article V 7; Article Y 22 (b); Article Ya 11; Article Ya 12; Article Ya 18; Article Ya 24; Article Ya 3; Article Ya 3 (b); Article Ya 31 (c); Article Z 10; Article Z 11 (c);

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

NORWAY - Election Act (2018)

Paragraph 9 (4); Paragraph 9 (5); Paragraph 9 (5.a); Paragraph 9 (6); Paragraph 9 (7);

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

; Section 9 (3); Section 9 (4); Section 9 (5); Section 9 (6); Section 9 (7);

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 186; Article 37c.; Article 39; Article 48;

POLAND - Election Code Amendments (2023)

Article (13a); Article 103 (b); Article 12; Article 13; Article 13b ; Article 14; Article 15; Article 16; Article 37 (a); Article 37 (c); Article 37 (e); Article 37 (f); Article 37 (g); Article 39;

POLAND - Parliamentary Election Law (2001)

Article 29; Article 48;

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

ROMANIA - Law 115 for the Election of Local Public Administration, Authorities, Amending the Law of Local Public Adminsitration No. 215-2001 (2024)

Article 82; Article 83; Article 85;

ROMANIA - Law for the Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2022)

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 114; Article 116; Article 118; Article 129; Article 13; Article 14; Article 15; Article 16; Article 18; Article 22; Article 27; Article 28; Article 30; Article 31; Article 35; Article 55; Article 62;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 103; Article 120; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 23; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 86; Article 88; Article 90; Article 91; Article 92;

ROMANIA - Law No. 288 (2015)

Article 8; Article 9; Article 9;

ROMANIA - Law no. 288 on the postal voting, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Auth (2015)

Article 8; Article 9;

ROMANIA - Law no. 33 on the Rules and Regulations on the Elections to the european Parliament (2009)

Article 15; Article 19(2); Article 19(4); Articloe 19(3);

ROMANIA - Law No. 370 (2024)

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 10; Article 12; Article 13; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 33; Article 34; Article 43; Article 44; Article 67; Article 8; Article 9;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the President of Romania (2022)

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

ROMANIA - Law on the Organisation and Conduct of the Elections to the European Parliament (2022)

ROMANIA - Regulations for the 2016 Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2015)

Article 103; Article 120; Article 15; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 33; Article 42; Article 45; Article 49;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 17; Article 18; Article 20; Article 41; Article 42; Article 42 (1); Article 43;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 49; Article 59; Article 61;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 61;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

Article 31; Article 67; Article 68; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81; Article 83;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 25;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Electoral Legislation ()

Article 32; Article 4;

SAN MARINO - Other Provisions Introduced by Qualified Law 1, 11 May 2007 (2007)

Article 17;

SAN MARINO - Special polling station for homebound voters in the territory (2007)

Article 1; Article 2; Article 3; Article 4;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (1993)

Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 55; Article 58; Article 61; Article 65; Article 96;

SERBIA - Law on Electing the President of the Republic (2004)

Article 5;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2011)

Article 15; Article 29; Article 35;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2020)

Article 15; Article 29; Article 35;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2020)

Article 101; Article 36; Article 37; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 67; Article 72 (b); Article 72 (b); Article 73; Article 73 (a);

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Article 101; Article 37; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 67; Article 72b; Article 73; Article 73a;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 109; Article 113; Article 114; Article 36; Article 37; Article 38; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 63; Article 67; Article 71; Article 74; Article 90;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of the President of the Republic (2022)

Article 28;

SLOVAKIA - Act on conditions for the exercise of the right to vote (2019)

Article 105 ; Article 143 ; Article 148 ; Article 175 ; Article 180; Article 204 ; Article 206 ; Article 217 ; Article 22 ; Article 23 ; Article 24 ; Article 55; Article 8 ; Article 85 ;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election of the President of the Slovak Republic, Plebiscite, Recalling of President and Amending of some other Acts (2008)

Article 1 (Section 3); Article 1 (Section 14); Article 1 (Section 21); Article 1 (Section 22 ); Article 1 (Section 23); Article 1 (Section 24); Article 1 (Section 25); Article 1 (Section 26); Article 1 (Section 42); Article 1 (Section 44 ); Article 1 (Section 46); Article 1 (Section 47);

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the Bodies of Self-government Regions and on Amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure (2001)

Article 25; Article 26; Article 31; Article 6;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 12; Section 23; Section 28; Section 29; Section 30; Section 31; Section 32; Section 32; Section 33; Section 36; Section 38; Section 39;

SLOVENIA - Election of Slovenian Members of the European Parliament (2017)

Article 19; Article 21;

SLOVENIA - Election of Members of the European Parliament Act (2004)

Article 19 ; Article 21;

SLOVENIA - Local Elections Act (2023)

Article 34; Article 43; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78; Article 80 ; Article 81; Article 89;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2017)

Article 40; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 75; Article 78; Article 79 (a); Article 80;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2024)

Article 40 ; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 72; Article 75; Article 78; Article 79a; Article 80;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2006)

Article 40; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 75; Article 78; Article 79 (a); Article 80;

SLOVENIA – National Assembly Election Act (as of February 2024) (1992)

Article 40; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 75; Article 78; Article 79a; Article 80;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 107; Article 39; Article 40; Article 63; Article 64; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

SWEDEN - Elections act (2021)

10.2; 3.4; 3.5; 3.6; 4.20; 4.21; 4.22; 4.23; 4.24; 7.1; 8.1; 8.11; 8.2; 8.2a; 8.3; 8.4; 8.5; 8.6; 8.7; 9.1; 9.16; 9.2; 9.3; 9.5;

SWEDEN - Elections Act (2005)

Article 1 (Chapter 7); Article 10 (Chapter 7); Article 2 (Chapter 4); Article 2 (Chapter 9); Article 20 (Chapter 4); Article 21 (Chapter 4); Article 3 (Chapter 9); Article 4 (Chapter 3); Article 4 (Chapter 9);

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2022)

Article 7 ;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2015)

Article 7 ; Article 7;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Law on Referendum and Other Forms of Direct Vote of Citizens (2005)

Article 11; Article 13; Article 34; Article 35;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Election of Members of Parliament (1998)

Article 21; Article 72;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Local Elections (2004)

Article 10; Article 12; Article 13;

TÜRKIYE - Amendments on Electoral Laws (2022)

Article 14 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg); Article 23 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg);

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of Deputies of Local Radas and of Village, Settlement, City Chairmen (1998)

Article 13; Article 41;

UKRAINE - Law on All-Ukrainian and Local Referendums (1991)

Article 37; Article 38;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2001)

Article 17; Article 30; Article 65; Article 84;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 19; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 23;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 83.; Article 84.;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the President (2004)

Article 27; Article 74;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Practice (2011)

Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 43; Paragraph 90;

ALBANIA - Opinion on the Scope of the Power of the President to set the Dates of Elections (2019)

Paragraph 67; Paragraph 71;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraphe 34; Paragraphe 35; Paragraphe 36; Paragraphe 39; Paragraphe 66; Paragraphe 67;

ARMENIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Amendemnts to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 26; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 65;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 50; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 64;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24;

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2006)

Paragraph 73; Paragraph 75;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Joint Opinion on amendments to the Election Law (2008)

Paragraph 28;

BULGARIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code (2017)

Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73;

CROATIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the State Election Commission (2006)

Paragraph 34;

CROATIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Voters Lists (2007)

Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 9;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2006)

Paragraph 110; Paragraph 115;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 85; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 12.69 (.69); Paragraph 12.69 (.69); Paragraph 1258 (58);

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2002)

Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 52;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2004)

Paragraph 33; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 46;

GEORGIA - Urgent Joint Opinion Revised Draft Amendments to the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 39;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 95;

HAITI – Opinion on the draft referendum decree (2025)

Section 38.;

HUNGARY - Joint Opinion on the 2020 Amendments to the Electoral Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 34; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 64;

Joint Report of the Venice Commission and of the Directorate of Information Society and Action Against Crime of the Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law - On Digital Technologies and Elections (2019)

Paragraph 64;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code and other Related Laws Concerning Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

Paragraph 20;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Laws on Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of the Parliament) (2017)

Paragraph 76;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinión on the Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of the Parliament) (2018)

Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49;

MOLDOVA – Urgent joint opinion on the draft Law no. 263 amending the Electoral Code, the Contravention Code and the Code of Audiovisual Media Services (2020)

Paragraph 43;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 53; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 66;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 114; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85;

MOLDOVA- Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 94;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 45; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 67;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74;

MONTENEGRO - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of Members of Parliament and Councillors (2020)

Paragraph 26; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 81;

MONTENEGRO- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Amendments to the Law on Election of Councillors and Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 3D (D); Paragraph 3E (E);

Principles for a Fundamental Rights-Complaint use of Digital Technologies in Electoral Processes (2020)

Paragraph 33;

Referendums in Europe - An Analysis of the Legal Rules in European States (2005)

Paragraph 106; Paragraph 107; Paragraph 108;

Report on Election Dispute Resolution (2020)

Paragraph 43;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Report on freedom of expression, prohibition of hate speech and promotion of pluralism in the context of electoral campaigns (2026)

Paragraph 16;

Report on the Abolition of Restrictions on the right to vote in General Elections (2005)

Paragraph 31;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 81;

Report on the Identification of Electoral Irregularities by Statistical Methods (2018)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 81;

Report out-of Country Voting (2011)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 97;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 30; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Opinion on the Law on the Partial Implementation of the Postal Vote (2024)

Paragraph 17; Paragraph 43;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

3.2; 3.2 (19);

RUSSIAN FEDERATION- Opinion on the Federal Law on the Election of the Deputies of the State Duma (2012)

Paragraph 4.10.97 (.10.97);

SERBIA - Joint opinion on the constitutional and legal framework governing the functioning of democratic institutions - Electoral law and electoral administration (2022)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 158; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 52;

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 13;

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 72;

Summary Report on Voters Residing de Facto Abroad (2015)

Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 39;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 179;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3D.33 (D.33); Paragraph 3K.76 (K.76);

UKRAINE - Comments on the Draft Law on the All-Ukrainian Referendum by Mr O. Lavrynovych (Member of Parliament) (2008)

Paragraph 27;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 58;

Report on the compatibility of remote voting and electronic voting with the standards of the Council of Europe (2004)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 48;