Council of Europe - Venice Commission

ALBANIA - Constitution (2016)

Article 109; Article 88;

ALBANIA - Constitution of Albania (2020)

Article 109; Article 125; Article 45; Article 69; Article 86; Article 88;

ANDORRA - Constitution (1993)

Article 51;

ARMENIA - Constitution (2015)

Article 124; Article 48; Article 95;

AUSTRIA - Extracts of the Costitution (2000)

Article 23 (a); Article 23 (b); Article 23 (a); Article 26; Article 26;

BELARUS - Constitution (2004)

Article 92;

BELGIUM - Extracts Constitution (2014)

Article 49; Article 69;

BELGIUM - Extracts of the Constitution (2001)

Article 67; Article 69;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Constitution (1995)

Article 9;

CANADA - Constitution (2020)

Article 23; Article 29; Article 39; Article 41; Article 83; Article 84;

CYPRUS- Constitution of Cyprus (1960)

Article 64;

DENMARK- Extracts of the Constitution (1953)

Article 30;

FINLAND - Constitution (2011)

Article 27;

FINLAND - Constitution (2018)

Section 27;

GEORGIA - Constitution (2020)

Article 25;

GEORGIA - Extracts of Constitution (2006)

Article 29; Article 49; Article 50; Article 70;

GERMANY - Extracts of the Constitution (1976)

Article 54;

GERMANY - Extracts of the Constitution (1969)

Article 54;

HUNGARY - Extracts of the Constitution (2013)

Article 10; Article XXIII;

IRELAND - Extracts of the Constitution (1937)

Article 12;

ITALY - Extracts of the Constitution (1947)

Article 58;

ITALY - Extracts of the Constitution (2024)

Article 122 ; Article 58 ; Article 84 ;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitution (2011)

Article 33; Article 41; Article 51;

KOSOVO - Constitution (2015)

Article 45; Article 71; Article 73; Article 85; Article 86;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Constitution (2011)

Article 52; Article 62; Article 70;

LATVIA - Constitution (2019)

Article 37;

LATVIA - Extracts of the Constitution (2004)

Article 37;

LIECHTENSTEIN- Extracts of the Constitution (1921)

Article 46;

LITHUANIA - Constitution (1992)

Article 141;

LUXEMBOURG- Extracts of the Constitution (1994)

Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55;

MALTA- Extracts of the Constitution (1992)

Article 48; Article 54;

MOLDOVA - Extracts of the Constitution (1994)

Article 78;

MONTENEGRO - Constitution (2013)

Article 96;

MOROCCO - Constitution (2011)

Article 17; Article 30;

NETHERLANDS- Extracts of the Constitution (1983)

Article 27; Article 56; Article 57;

NORWAY - Constitution (2023)

Article 61; Article 62; Article 63;

NORWAY - Constitution (2016)

Article 61; Article 62; Article 63;

POLAND - Extracts of the Constitution (1997)

Article 99;

PORTUGAL - Extracts of the Constitution (2005)

Article 270;

ROMANIA - Constitution Excerpts (2003)

Article 37;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Extracts of the Constitution (1993)

Article 81;

SLOVAKIA - Constitution (2002)

Article 103;

SLOVENIA - Constitution (2016)

Article 43;

SLOVENIA - Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia ()

Article 43;

SPAIN - Extracts of the Constitution (1978)

Article 70;

SWITZERLAND - Constitution (2020)

Article 144;

SWITZERLAND - Extracts of the Constitution (2005)

Article 77; Article 81;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (2021)

Article 144;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (2015)

Article 144;

TUNISIA - Constitution (2014)

Article 53; Article 74;

TÜRKIYE - Extracts of the Constitution (2001)

Article 101; Article 76;

UKRAINE - Constitution (1996)

Article 103; Article 103; Article 76; Article 76;

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA - Constitution (1992)

AMENDMENT XIV (1868) (Section 3); Article 1 (Section 2); Article 1 (Section 3); Article 2 (Section 1);

04. ESTONIA - Riigikogu Election Act (2024)

Article 29; Article 4 ;

17HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

Section 120 ; Section 123 ; Section 129 ; Section 133 ; Section 137 ; Section 18 ; Section 207 ; Section 21 ; Section 22 ; Section 23 ; Section 24 ; Section 245 ; Section 254; Section 32 ; Section 339; Section 340; Section 350; Section 55 ; Section 56 ; Section 69 ;

18HUNGARY- Act CCIII of 2011 on the election of the Members of the National Assembly (2025)

Section 2 ;

20HUNGARY- Act L of 2010 on the election of local government representatives and mayors (2025)

Section 1; Section 24 (B); Section 9 ; Section 9 (A);

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 63; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

Article 13 ; Article 69;

ANDORRA - Electoral Law (2007)

Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 20; Article 51; Article 54; Article 64;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2002)

Article 108; Article 97;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2021)

Article 136; Article 80; Article 82;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 107 ; Article 126; Article 26 ; Article 80 ; Article 82 ;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2016)

Article 136; Article 82;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2018)

Article 136; Article 82;

ARMENIA- Electoral Code (2007)

Article 71;

AUSTRIA - Federal Law on National Council Elections (Regulations on National Council Elections 1992 – NRWO) (1992)

§ 41; § 47;

AUSTRIA - Federal Presidential Election Act (2016)

Section 6;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

Article 13; Article 14; Article 153; Article 221; Article 53; Article 60;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

Article 188; Article 222; Article 30; Article14;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 13; Article 14; Article 144; Article 15; Article 212; Article 71;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 59; Article 60; Article 61; Article 98;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 57; Article 68 (1); Article 70 (1); Article 98; Article 99;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

Article 57; Article 68 (1); Article 70 (1); Article 98; Article 99;

BELARUS - Law on the President (1995)

Article 6;

BELGIUM - Electoral Code (2014)

Article 118; Article 119 (1); Article 119 (2); Article 119 (5); Article 119 (6); Article 120; Article 121; Article 122; Article 123;

BiH_Election_Law_last amended 2024 (2001)

Article 1 (8); Article 1 (8.a); Article 1 (8.b); Article 1 (8.c); Article 10 (3); Article 20 (9.A); Article 20 (9.B); Article 4 (4); Article 4 (5); Article 4 (6); Article 4 (9); Article 4 (10);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 1 (8); Article 20 (9B); Article 4 (4); Article 4 (5); Article 4 (10);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2016)

Article 1.8; Article 8.8;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law of the Brcko District (2003)

Article 4 (6);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

Article 1 (8); Article 20 (9A); Article 20 (9B); Article 4 (4); Article 4 (5); Article 4 (6); Article 4 (9); Article 4 (10);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 1 (8); Article 20 (9A); Article 20 (9B); Article 4 (4); Article 4 (5); Article 4 (6); Article 4 (9 ); Article 4 (10 );

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 1 (8); Article 20 (9.A); Article 20 (9.B); Article 4 (4); Article 4 (6); Article 4 (9); Article 4 (10);

BULGARIA - Election Code (2019)

Article 247; Article 256; Article 258; Article 389; Article 417;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2020)

Article 247; Article 256; Article 258; Article 389; Article 417;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 247; Article 256; Article 258; Article 389; Article 417;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2014)

Article 247; Article 256 ; Article 258; Article 308; Article 413; Article 417;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2023)

Article 247; Article 256; Article 258; Article 308; Article 413; Article 417;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2017)

Article 389; Article 413;

CANADA - Canada Elections Act (2023)

Paragraph 65; Paragraph 89;

CANADA - Elections Act (2019)

Article 65; Article 70; Article 89;

COSTA RICA - Electoral Act (2009)

ARTICLE 148;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Members of Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-Government Units (2005)

Article 5;

CROATIA - Act on Local Elections 2012 and Act on Amendments 2016 (2012)

Article 114; Article 13; Article 14; Article 16; Article 17; Article 3; Article 78; Article 79; Article 89; Article 90; Article 91;

CROATIA - Act on the Election of National Minority Councils and Representatives (2019)

Article 11; Article 12; Article 23;

CROATIA - Parliamentary Elections Act (2015)

Article 21 (a); Article 9;

DENMARK - Consolidated Act Concerning the Election of the Danish Members of the European Parliament (2024)

Section 20; Section 25; Section 5; Section 6; Section 7 ;

DENMARK - Local and Regional Government Elections Act (2024)

Section 108 (a); Section 21 (a); Section 29; Section 30; Section 31;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2019)

32; 4; 5;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2020)

32; 4; 5;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2024)

Section 32; Section 5;

DENMARK- Parliamentary Election Act (2009)

Article 4; Article 5;

ESTONIA - President of the Republic Election Act (2013)

Paragraph 2;

ESTONIA - Riigikogu Election Act (2020)

Paragraph 29; Paragraph 4;

ESTONIA - Municipal Council Election Act (2020)

Paragraph 5;

ESTONIA – Local Government Council Election Act (1999)

Article 29;

FINLAND - Elections Act (2016)

Section 164;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 103; Article 112; Article 12; Article 134; Article 136; Article 157; Article 167; Article 24; Article 96;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2016)

Article 103; Article 112; Article 12; Article 134; Article 136; Article 157; Article 167; Article 185 (11); Article 185 (12); Article 24; Article 96; Article 99 (1);

GEORGIA - Election Code (2018)

Article 112; Article 12; Article 134; Article 136; Article 157; Article 167; Article 185 (11); Article 185 (12); Article 185 (13); Article 185 (14); Article 24; Article 96 ;

GERMANY - Federal Elections Act (2013)

Article 15; Section 15;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations (1994)

Article 44;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations (2017)

Section 34; Section 35; Section 39;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations as of 2020 (2020)

Section 34; Section 35; Section 39 ;

HUNGARY - Act C on Electoral Procedure (1997)

Article 56; Article 58;

HUNGARY - Act CCIII of 2011 On the Elections of Members of Parliament (2011)

Section 2;

HUNGARY - Act CCIII on the Election of Members of the National Assembly (2021)

Section 2 ;

HUNGARY - Act CXIII of 2003 on the Election of Members of the European Parliament (2013)

Section 2 (A);

HUNGARY - Act L of 2010 on the Election of Local Government Representatives and Mayors (2024)

Section 1; Section 24 (B); Section 8; Section 9 ; Section 9 (A);

HUNGARY - Act L of 2010 on the Election of Municipal Representatives and Mayors (2010)

Section 1; Section 9; Section 9 (A);

HUNGARY - Act No XXXIV of 1989 on the Election of Members of Parliament (1989)

Article 5;

HUNGARY - Act XXIII of 2022 Amending Certain Electoral and Related Laws (2022)

Section 20; Section 21;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

Paragraph 69; Section 120; Section 123; Section 129; Section 133; Section 137; Section 207; Section 21; Section 22; Section 23; Section 24; Section 32; Section 339; Section 340 ; Section 350 ; Section 55; Section 56;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

Annex 2 (A); Section 120; Section 129; Section 133; Section 135; Section 137; Section 307 (E); Section 307 (H); Section 307 (I); Section 316; Section 318; Section 319; Section 339; Section 340; Section 350;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

Annex 2 (A); Section 120; Section 129; Section 131; Section 133; Section 135; Section 137; Section 307 (E); Section 307 (H); Section 307 (I); Section 316; Section 318; Section 319; Section 339; Section 340; Section 350;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

Section 120; Section 123; Section 129; Section 133; Section 135; Section 137; Section 18; Section 207; Section 245; Section 254; Section 32; Section 339; Section 340; Section 350; Section 55; Section 56; Section 69;

HUNGARY- Act LXIV on the Election of Local Municipal Government Representatives and Mayors (1990)

Article 47; Article 50;

ICELAND - Act No. 24 Concerning Parliamentary Elections to the Althing (2008)

Article 125; Article 33; Article 36; Article 4;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2021)

Article 42; Article 53; Article 6; Article 72;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2023)

Article 42; Article 6; Article 72;

ICELAND - Local Government Elections Act (2016)

Article 37;

ICELAND - Local Government Elections Act No. 5/1998 (1998)

Article 18;

IRELAND - Electoral Act (2016)

Article 35; Article 36; Article 41; Article 42; Article 43; Article 46; Article 52; Article 53;

IRELAND - Presidential Elections Act (1993)

Article 21; Article 22; Article 37;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitutional Act On Elections (2011)

Article 53;

KOREA - Public Offical Election Act (2014)

Article 19; Article 53;

KOSOVO - Law No. 003/L-073 on General Elections and Amendments 2010 (2008)

Article 29;

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 14; Article 30;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Electoral Code (2004)

Article 26; Article 27; Article 56; Article 84;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - On Presidential and Jogorku Kenesh Elections (2015)

Article 50; Article 51; Article 59; Article 61;

KYRGYZSTAN - Law on Elections of the President of the Republic and the Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh (2020)

Article 3; Article 50; Article 51; Article 59; Article 61;

LATVIA - Law on the Election of Local Government Councils (2020)

3.; Section 22. ; Section 8. ; Section 9. ;

LATVIA - Saeima Election Law (2022)

Section 11. ; Section 5. ;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (1998)

Article 11; Article 13; Article 4; Article 5; Article 6;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (1995)

Article 13; Article 4; Article 5; Article 6;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2019)

Article 11; Article 5;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2014)

Article 13; Article 13 (1); Article 14; Article 4; Article 5; Article 6;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to Municipal Councils (2012)

Article 38; Article 39; Article 39; Article 87; Article 89; Article 90;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2012)

Article 11; Article 2; Article 2; Article 37; Article 38; Article 39; Article 41; Article 42;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2016)

Article 2; Article 42; Article 93 (1);

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2018)

Article 38; Article 39; Article 42; Article 48; Article 49; Article 93 (1);

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2012)

Article 12; Article 3; Article 36; Article 38;

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2013)

Article 12; Article 2; Article 36; Article 38;

LITHUANIA - Law on the Elections to the European Parliament (2003)

Article 12; Article 3; Article 37; Article 38; Article 40; Article 41;

MALTA - Act to Regulate the Formation, the Structures, Functioning and Financing of Political Parties and their Participation in Elections (2015)

Article 12;

MALTA - European Parliament Elections Act (2023)

Article 18; Article 19; Article 20;

MALTA - General Elections Act (2023)

Article 58 ;

MALTA - General Elections Act (2012)

Article 105; Article 51; Article 52; Article 62;

MALTA- General Elections Act (1996)

Article 51;

MALTA- General Elections Act (2009)

Article 58;

MEXICO - General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures of Mexico (2014)

MEXICO - General Law on Political Parties (2014)

Article 87;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

Article 110; Article 111; Article 113; Article 123; Article 13; Article 135; Article 137; Article 138; Article 46; Article 49; Article 75; Article 82; Article 86;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

Article 100; Article 102; Article 112; Article 124; Article 126; Article 127; Article 13; Article 44; Article 46; Article 69; Article 99; Article I. (16); Article I. (29); Article I. (30. Article 82); Article I. (30. Article 83);

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 12; Article 124; Article 13; Article 138;

MOLDOVA- Law on the Election of the President (1996)

Article 1; Article 2;

MOLDOVA_Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

Article 113; Article 114; Article 15; Article 16; Article 163; Article 164; Article 63; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68;

MONTENEGRO - Law on the Election of the President (2023)

Article 1; Article 4; Article 6;

MONTENEGRO - The Decree on Proclamation of the Law on Election of the President of Montenegro (2016)

Article 1; Article 4;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

Article 101; Article 104; Article 41; Article 41;

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (1989)

Article 2H10 (H10); Article 2H7 (H7);

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (2013)

Section G1; Section G3; Section G6; Section H12; Section H13; Section H14; Section H15; Section I5; Section I6; Section I8; Section I9; Section Y10; Section Y4;

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

Article 7; Article 8; Article 9;

NORWAY - Election Act (2018)

Paragraph 3 (4);

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

Section 11 (7); Section 11 (10); Section 11 (11); Section 3 (1); Section 3 (3); Section 3 (4); Section 6 (4);

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 11; Article 204; Article 216; Article 217; Article 218; Article 265 ;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 11; Article 204; Article 265;

POLAND - Election Code Amendments (2023)

Article 11; Article 204; Article 217; Article 217; Article 265; Article 265 (a); Article 279;

POLAND - Parliamentary Election Law (2001)

Article 188; Article 8;

PORTUGAL - Electoral Law (2015)

Article 10; Article 120; Article 128; Article 17; Article 18; Article 21; Article 24; Article 28; Article 39; Article 5; Article 6; Article 7; Article 9;

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

Article 28; Article 4; Article 5; Article 6;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

Article 11; Article 172; Article 2; Article 26; Article 36 ; Article 78;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 113; Article 114; Article 15; Article 16; Article 163; Article 164; Article 63; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68;

ROMANIA - Law for the Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2022)

Article 119; Article 48; Article 6;

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 39; Article 4; Article 48; Article 52; Article 6; Article 7;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

Article 101; Article 2 ; Article 52; Article 58; Article 59;

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

Article 101;

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 52;

ROMANIA - Law no. 33 on the Rules and Regulations on the Elections to the european Parliament (2009)

Article 6; Article 7 ;

ROMANIA - Law No. 370 (2024)

Article 16; Article 18; Article 28; Article 29; Article 31; Article 4; Article 41;

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 28;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the President of Romania (2022)

Article 16; Article 18; Article 28; Article 29; Article 31; Article 4; Article 41;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

Article 101; Article 2; Article 52; Article 58; Article 59;

ROMANIA - Law on the Organisation and Conduct of the Elections to the European Parliament (2022)

Article 15; Article 8; Article II;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 29;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 32; Article 38; Article 4;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 32; Article 33; Article 38; Article 4; Article 40; Article 40; Article 71;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

Article 31; Article 4; Article 55;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 3; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 38; Article 6;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Electoral Legislation ()

Article 18; Article 18 (bis); Article 19; Article 44;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (1993)

Article 10; Article 11; Article 116; Article 39; Article 41;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (2000)

Article 10; Article 11;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2011)

Article 20; Article 6;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2020)

Article 20; Article 6;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

Article 131; Article 138; Article 77; Article 82;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 11;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of the President of the Republic (2022)

Article 27;

SLOVAKIA - Act of the National Council on Local Elections (1998)

Article 23; Article 23;

SLOVAKIA - Act on conditions for the exercise of the right to vote (2019)

Article 132 ; Article 133 ; Article 140 ; Article 141 ; Article 145 ; Article 164 ; Article 165 ; Article 172 ; Article 177 ; Article 43; Article 51; Article 6 ; Article 73 ; Article 81 ; Article 82 ;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the Bodies of Self-government Regions and on Amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure (2001)

Article 4;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 20; Section 3;

SLOVENIA - Election of Slovenian Members of the European Parliament (2017)

Article 2;

SLOVENIA - Election of Members of the European Parliament Act (2004)

Article 2;

SLOVENIA - Local Elections Act (2023)

Article 49 ; Article 54; Article 68 (a); Article 69;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 25; Article 31;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

Article 154; Article 155; Article 156; Article 157; Article 158; Article 159; Article 160; Article 203; Article 210 (bis); Article 44; Article 46; Article 48; Article 7;

SWEDEN - Elections act (2021)

1.6;

SWEDEN - Elections Act (2005)

Article 11 (Chapter 2); Article 12 (Chapter 2); Article 13 (Chapter 2); Article 6 (Introductory provisions);

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2022)

Article 27;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2015)

Article 27 ;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 7; Article 8; Article 9;

TÜRKIYE - Amendments on Electoral Laws (2022)

Article 36 (Law On Political Parties (Law No. 2820));

TÜRKIYE - Law on Parliamentary Elections (2018)

Article 12; Article 18; Article 22; Article 23;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Elections of Local Administrations and Neighborhood Mukhtars and Board of Elderman (2012)

Article 10; Article 31; Provisional Article 8 ;

TÜRKIYE - Parliamentary Elections (1983)

Article 3;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 10; Article 134; Article 193; Article 75;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Article 10 ; Article 134; Article 193; Article 75;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of Deputies of Local Radas and of Village, Settlement, City Chairmen (1998)

Article 31;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2001)

Article 42; Article 8;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 62; Article 64; Article 9;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 58. ; Article 59.; Article 60.; Article 9.;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the President (2004)

Article 51; Article 52; Article 9;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2022)

Article 30 ; Article 32 ;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2024)

30; 32;

UNITED KINGDOM - European Parliamentary Elections Act (2002)

Article 10; Article 11;

ALBANIA - Amicus Curiae Opinion on the Law on the Cleanliness of the Figure of High Functionaries of the Public Administration and Elected Persons (2009)

Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 114; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 116; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 118;

ALBANIA - Opinion on the Scope of the Power of the President to set the Dates of Elections (2019)

Paragraph 25;

ARMENIA - First Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Constitution (Charters 1 to 7 and 10) (2015)

Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 89;

ARMENIA - Joint Final Opinion on The Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 6; Paragraph 7;

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 18; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 43; Paragraph 49; Paragraphe 43; Paragraphe 49; Paragraphe 50;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draf Electoral Code (As of 18 April 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 67; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 68;

ARMENIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Amendemnts to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85;

ARMENIA - Opinion on the Draft Concept Paper on the Constitutional Reforms (2014)

Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53;

ARMENIA - Second Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (As Amended on 30 June 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 51;

ARMENIA - Second Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Constitution (In Particular to Chapters 8, 9, 11 to 16) (2015)

Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24;

ARMENIA- Final Opinion on the Amendments to the Electoral Code (2005)

Paragraph 17;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Amendments to the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 7;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 27; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 35;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15;

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Amendments to the Electoral Code of the Republic of Belarus (2010)

Paragraph 5.29 (.29); Paragraph 5.31 (.31);

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2006)

Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 82;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Joint Opinion on amendments to the Election Law (2008)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 7; Paragraph 8;

BULGARIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code (2017)

Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Election Code (2014)

Paragraph 30; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2011)

Paragraph 3.17 (.17); Paragraph 3.19 (.19); Paragraph 3.21.22.23.24 (.21.22.23.24); Paragraph 5.a (.a);

Comparative Report on thresholds and other features of electoral systems which bar parties from access to Parliament (2008)

Paragraph 9;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 13;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code and to the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Georgia (2023)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 45;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Article 79 of the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2006)

Paragraph 22; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 73;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 4.19 (.19);

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Draft Organic Law on: Making amendments and additions into the Organic Law-Election Code of Georgia (2005)

Paragraph 35;

GERMANY - Joint Opinion on the Amendments to the Federal Election Act (2023)

Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53 ;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 46; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85;

KOSOVO - Kosovo - Opinion on the “draft law on amending and supplementing the Law no. 03/l-174 on the Financing of Political Entities (Amended and Supplemented by the Law no. 04/l-058 and the Law no. 04/l-122) and the Law no. 003/l-073 on General Elections (2018)

Paragraph 18;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Presidential and Parliamentary Elections, The Draft Law on Elections to Local Governments and the Draft Law on the Formation of Election Commissions (2011)

Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Law (2014)

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law "On Introduction of Amendments and Changes to the Constitution" (2016)

Paragrah 96; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 97;

MALTA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Act to Regulate the Formation, the Inner Structures, Fuctioning and Financing of Political Parties and their Participation in Elections (2014)

Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code and other Related Laws Concerning Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Changes to the Electoral Code (2016)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Laws on Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of the Parliament) (2017)

Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Working Text amending the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 4.21 (.21);

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 48;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 64;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 103; Paragraph 110; Paragraph 111; Paragraph 112; Paragraph 113; Paragraph 114; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 90;

MOLDOVA- Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 69;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 94;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 53; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59;

MONTENEGRO - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of Members of Parliament and Councillors (2020)

Paragraph 25; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 57;

MONTENEGRO- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Amendments to the Law on Election of Councillors and Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 3B (B);

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 45; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49;

Report on Democracy, Limitation of Mandates and Incompatibility of Political Functions (2012)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 105; Paragraph 109; Paragraph 112; Paragraph 121; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 99;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Report on Term-Limits Part I - Presidents (2018)

Paragraph 103; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 88;

Report on Term-Limits Part II - Members of Parliament- Part III - Representatives elected at Sub-national and Local Level and Executive Officials electred at Sub-national and Local Level (2019)

Paragraph 14; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68;

Report on the Abolition of Restrictions on the right to vote in General Elections (2005)

Report on the Recall of Mayors and Local Elected Representatives (2019)

Paragraph 53;

Report on the Thresholds and other Features of Electoral Systems which bar Parties from acces to Parliament (II) (2010)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 4; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 7; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 9;

Report out-of Country Voting (2011)

Paragraph 17;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Amicus Curiae Brief on the Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Follow-up Opinion to the Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code and other Related Laws Concerning Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 17;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

RUSSIAN FEDERATION- Opinion on the Federal Law on the Election of the Deputies of the State Duma (2012)

Paragraph 4.6.61 (.6.61);

SERBIA - Joint opinion on the constitutional and legal framework governing the functioning of democratic institutions - Electoral law and electoral administration (2022)

Paragraph 130; Paragraph 131; Paragraph 132; Paragraph 133;

SERBIA - Joint Opinion onf the Draft Law on Altering and amending the Law on Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 84.7 (.7); Paragraph 84.9 (.9); Paragraph 92;

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 35; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code as Amended on 9 November 2015 (2016)

Paragraph 43; Paragraph 45;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 101; Paragraph 109; Paragraph 99;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3B (B); Paragraph 3B.14 (B.14); Paragraph 3B.15 (B.15); Paragraph 3B.16 (B.16); Paragraph 3D.28 (D.28);

TÜRKIYE - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Legislation and Related "Harmonisation Laws" Adopted in March and April 2018 (2018)

Paragraph 50; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 59;

TÜRKIYE - Opinion on the Replacement of Elected Candidates and Mayors (2020)

Paragraph 29; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 7; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 76;

UKRAINE - Amicus Curiae Brief on Additional Sanctions for Committing an Administrative Offense (2023)

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Laws on Election of People's Deputies and on the Central Election Commission and on the Draft Law on Repeat Elections of Ukraine (2013)

Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2011)

Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25;

UKRAINE - Opinion on the Amendments to the Law on Elections Regarding the Exclusion of Candidates from Party Lists (2016)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 10; Paragraph 7; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 9;

UKRAINE- Opinion on the draft Law on election of people's deputies (Draft introducted by people's deputies S. Havrish, Y. Ioffe and H. Dashutin) (2003)

Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23;

UKRANIE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law Amending Certain Legislative Acts Which Restrict the Participation in the State Power of Persons Associated with Political Parties Whose Activities are Prohibited by Law (2023)

Report on Electoral Systems - Overview of available solutions and selection criteria (2003)

Paragraph 91;