Council of Europe - Venice Commission

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

Article 107; Article 125; Article 131; Article 164; Article 195; Article 43; Article 55; Article I. (30. Article 87);

MOLDOVA – Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

Article 38; Article 78; Article 80;

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 54; Article 55;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

Article 67; Article 68 (a); Article 68 (b); Article 85 (a); Article 85 (b); Article 87; Article 88;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

Article 67; Article 68a; Article 68b; Article 85a; Article 85b; Article 87; Article 87; Article 88;

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (1989)

Article 2K12 (K12); Article 2N14 (N14); Article 2N17 (N17);

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (2013)

Section J28; Section J6;

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

Article 111; Article 112; Article 112 (a); Article 113; Article 113 (a); Article 113 (b); Article 31; Article 38 (a);

NORWAY - Election Act (2018)

Paragraph 8 (1); Paragraph 8 (3); Paragraph 8 (2); Paragraph 8 (4); Paragraph 8 (5); Paragraph 8 (6); Paragraph 9 (6);

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

Section 10 (1); Section 10 (1.a); Section 10 (4); Section 10 (5); Section 15 (4); Section 8 (1); Section 8 (2);

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 12; Article 14; Article 15; Article 37a; Article 38; Article 39; Article 42; Article 53; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 65a; Article 66; Article 66a; Article 66b; Article 67; Article 68;

POLAND - Election Code Amendments (2023)

Article (13a); Article 12; Article 13; Article 13b ; Article 14; Article 15; Article 16; Article 37 (a); Article 37 (f); Article 37 (g); Article 39; Article 53 (b );

POLAND - Election of the President (2004)

Article 49; Article 54; Article 59; Article 60;

POLAND - Parliamentary Election Law (2001)

Article 53; Article 62; Article 69;

PORTUGAL - Electoral Law (2015)

ANNEX I; Article 150; Article 79-A; Article 79-B; Article 79-C; Article 79-E; Article 79D; Article 90; Article 97;

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

Article 79 (d); Article 86; Article 87; Article 97;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

Article 158; Article 32; Article 32; Article 33; Article 36 ;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 38; Article 80;

ROMANIA - Law 115 for the Election of Local Public Administration, Authorities, Amending the Law of Local Public Adminsitration No. 215-2001 (2024)

Article 85;

ROMANIA - Law for the Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2022)

Article 90; Article 91;

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 103; Article 104; Article 124; Article 17; Article 90; Article 91; Article 92; Article 94;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

Article 42; Article 85; Article 95; Article 96;

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

Article 42; Article 95; Article 96;

ROMANIA - Law No. 370 (2024)

Article 44; Article 45; Article 45 (1); Article 9 ;

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 45; Article 9;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the President of Romania (2022)

Article 44; Article 45; Article 45 (1); Article 9;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

Article 42; Article 85; Article 95; Article 96;

ROMANIA - Law on the Organisation and Conduct of the Elections to the European Parliament (2022)

Article 37; Article 47;

ROMANIA - Regulations for the 2016 Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2015)

Article 103;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 42 (1);

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 62; Article 65;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 62; Article 64; Article 65; Article 66;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

Article 80; Article 82; Article 83;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 68; Article 71;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Electoral Legislation ()

Article 22; Article 28; Article 35;

SAN MARINO - Electoral Procedures for the Special Polling Station of the State Hospital in the Elections of the Heads of the Township Councils and of the Township Councils and Amendments to Delegated Decree no. 117/2007 for Home Voting (2009)

Article 1; Article 2; Article 3; Article 4; Article 5;

SAN MARINO - Special polling station for homebound voters in the territory (2007)

Article 1; Article 2; Article 3; Article 4; Article 5; Article 6;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (1993)

Article 56; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 80;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2011)

Article 33;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2020)

Article 33;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2020)

Article 72; Article 72 (a); Article 72 (b); Article 72 (b); Article 73;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

Article 100; Article 96; Article 97;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Article 72; Article 72a; Article 72b; Article 73;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 72; Article 73;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election of the President of the Slovak Republic, Plebiscite, Recalling of President and Amending of some other Acts (2008)

Article 1 (Section 21);

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 30;

SLOVAKIA - Law on Procedure of the Election of the President, on Plebiscite and Removal of the President and on Supplementation of several other Laws (1999)

Article 21; Article 21; Article 36; Article 36; Article 5; Article 5; Article 5;

SLOVENIA - Local Elections Act (2023)

Article 78; Article 80 ; Article 81;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2017)

Article 69; Article 83;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2024)

Article 69; Article 83;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2006)

Article 69; Article 83;

SLOVENIA – National Assembly Election Act (as of February 2024) (1992)

Article 69; Article 83;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 69; Article 71; Article 72; Article 73; Article 74; Article 75; Article 79; Article 80; Article 83;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

Article 87;

SWEDEN - Elections act (2021)

1.5; 10.2; 10.3; 10.4; 10.5; 10.6; 12.2; 7.1; 7.10; 7.11; 7.12; 7.13; 7.14; 7.15; 7.2; 7.3; 7.4; 7.5; 7.6; 7.7; 7.8; 7.9; 9.14;

SWEDEN - Elections Act (2005)

Article 11 (Chapter 8); Article 12 (Chapter 8);

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2022)

Article 7 ; Article 8 (a);

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2015)

Article 7 ; Article 7; Article 8a; Article 8a;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 111; Article 112; Article 112 (a); Article 113; Article 113 (a); Article 113 (b); Article 31; Article 38-a;

TÜRKIYE - Amendments on Electoral Laws (2022)

Article 155 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg); Article 65 & 66 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg);

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

Article 93; Article 94; Article 94D; Article 94E;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

Article 85 (A); Article 94 (E);

TÜRKIYE - Parliamentary Elections (1983)

Article 3;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 119; Article 249;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Article 119; Article 249;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 21; Article 22; Article 42; Article 84;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 86. ;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2022)

Article 1; Article 9;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2024)

1; 9;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Practice (2011)

Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 81; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 98;

ALBANIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2009)

Paragraph 81;

ARMENIA - Joint Final Opinion on The Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 12;

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 11;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 24; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28 ; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 36; Paragraphe 24; Paragraphe 28; Paragraphe 33; Paragraphe 34; Paragraphe 35; Paragraphe 36;

ARMENIA- Final Opinion on the Amendments to the Electoral Code (2005)

Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 43;

AZERBAIJAN - Final Opinion on the amendments to the Election Code (2005)

Paragraph 15;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 39;

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2006)

Paragraph 51; Paragraph 74;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Joint Opinion on amendments to the Election Law (2008)

Paragraph 29;

BULGARIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code (2017)

Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Election Code (2014)

Paragraph 31;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2011)

Paragraph 10;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 15;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 85; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 12.60 (.60); Paragraph 1261 (61);

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2002)

Paragraph 86;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49;

HUNGARY - Joint Opinion on the 2020 Amendments to the Electoral Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 44;

HUNGARY – Opinion on act LXXIX of 2024 amending certain laws relating to elections (2025)

Section 50.;

Joint Report of the Venice Commission and of the Directorate of Information Society and Action Against Crime of the Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law - On Digital Technologies and Elections (2019)

Paragraph 108; Paragraph 109; Paragraph 118; Paragraph 119; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Presidential and Parliamentary Elections, The Draft Law on Elections to Local Governments and the Draft Law on the Formation of Election Commissions (2011)

Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Changes to the Electoral Code (2016)

Paragraph 18; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38;

MOLDOVA – Urgent joint opinion on the draft Law no. 263 amending the Electoral Code, the Contravention Code and the Code of Audiovisual Media Services (2020)

Paragraph 43;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 65;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 56; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68;

MOLDOVA- Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 113; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 93;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 65; Paragraph 72;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79;

MONTENEGRO- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Amendments to the Law on Election of Councillors and Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 3G (G);

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Paragraph 212; Paragraph 213; Paragraph 216; Paragraph 217; Paragraph 218; Paragraph 221; Paragraph 222; Paragraph 223; Paragraph 224; Paragraph 225; Paragraph 226;

Report out-of Country Voting (2011)

Paragraph 22; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 97;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Opinion on the Law on the Partial Implementation of the Postal Vote (2024)

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

3.2;

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 13;

Summary Report on Voters Residing de Facto Abroad (2015)

Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 36;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 127; Paragraph 128; Paragraph 129; Paragraph 130; Paragraph 179; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3C.19 (C.19); Paragraph 3D (D);

TÜRKIYE - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Legislation and Related "Harmonisation Laws" Adopted in March and April 2018 (2018)

Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 52;

TÜRKIYE - Joint Opinion on the Amendmets to the Electoral Legislation by Law No. 7393 of 31 March 2022 (2022)

Paragraph 14; Paragraph 56;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82;

UKRAINE- Opinion on the draft Law on election of people's deputies (Draft introducted by people's deputies S. Havrish, Y. Ioffe and H. Dashutin) (2003)

Paragraph 21; Paragraph 45;

UNITED KINGDOM - Opinion on the Electoral Law (2007)

Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 44;

Report on the compatibility of remote voting and electronic voting with the standards of the Council of Europe (2004)