Council of Europe - Venice Commission

BELGIUM - Extracts Constitution (2014)

MOROCCO - Constitution (2011)

Article 11;

17HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2025)

Section 2;

19HUNGARY- Act CCXXXVIII of 2013 on initiating referendums, the European Citizens’ Initiative and referendum procedure (2025)

Section 69 ;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2008)

Article 85;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 78; Article 80; Article 81; Article 83; Article 84; Article 84 (1§);

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

Article 79; Article 84;

ANDORRA - Electoral Law (2007)

Article 31;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2002)

Article 18;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2021)

Article 20;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2018)

Article 20;

ARMENIA- Electoral Code (2007)

Article 20; Article 21;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

Article 11; Article 127; Article 155; Article 189; Article 224; Article 77; Article 80; Article 84;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

Article 78; Article 81; Article 82; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 88; Article 89; Article 90;

AZERBAIJAN - Law on Local Elections (1999)

Article 31;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

Article 13; Article 24; Article 45; Article 46; Article 74;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 149; Article 46; Article 74;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

Article 46; Article 74;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 16 (3); Article 16 (7); Article 16 (8); Article 16 (9); Article 16 (11); Article 16 (12); Article 16 (13); Article 16 (14); Article 16 (15); Article 7 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

Article 16 (3); Article 16 (7); Article 16 (8); Article 16 (9); Article 16 (11); Article 16 (12); Article 16 (13); Article 16 (14); Article 16 (15); Article 7 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 16 (3); Article 16 (7 ); Article 16 (8 ); Article 16 (9 ); Article 16 (11); Article 16 (12); Article 16 (13); Article 16 (14); Article 16 (15 ); Article 7 (3);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 16 (3); Article 16 (7); Article 16 (8); Article 16 (9); Article 16 (11); Article 16 (12); Article 16 (13); Article 16 (14); Article 16 (15); Article 7 (3);

CANADA - Canada Elections Act (2023)

Paragraph 348 (03); Paragraph 348 (04); Paragraph 348 (05); Paragraph 348 (06); Paragraph 348 (07); Paragraph 348 (08); Paragraph 348 (09); Paragraph 348 (1); Paragraph 348 (11); Paragraph 348 (12);

CANADA - Elections Act (2019)

Article 18; Article 319; Article 324; Article 325 (1); Article 325 (2); Article 348 (01); Article 348 (03); Article 348 (04); Article 348 (05); Article 348 (06); Article 348 (07); Article 348 (08); Article 348 (09); Article 348 (1); Article 348 (11); Article 348 (12);

CROATIA - Act on Election of Members of Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-Government Units (2005)

Article 23;

CROATIA - Law on the Election of the President (2011)

Article 14;

CROATIA- The Law on the election of the President (1992)

Article 13; Article 14;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2021)

Article 103; Article 186; Article 50; Article 51; Article 51 ((Shall become effective upon the acquisition of fu);

GEORGIA - Election Code (2016)

Article 103; Article 50; Article 51;

GEORGIA - Election Code (2018)

Article 50; Article 51;

HUNGARY - Act C on Electoral Procedure (1997)

Article 44;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

Section 145; Section 147; Section 147 (A); Section 147 (B); Section 147 (C); Section 147 (D); Section 147 (E); Section 147 (E); Section 148; Section 151; Section 152; Section 2;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

Section 147; Section 147 (A); Section 147 (B); Section 147 (C); Section 147 (D); Section 147 (F); Section 148;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

Section 147; Section 147 (A); Section 147 (B); Section 147 (C); Section 147 (D); Section 147 (F); Section 148;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

Section 145; Section 147; Section 147 (A); Section 147 (B); Section 147 (C); Section 147 (D); Section 147 (E); Section 147 (F); Section 148; Section 151; Section 152; Section 2 ;

KAZAKHSTAN - Constitutional Act On Elections (2011)

Article 27; Article 28;

KOSOVO - Law No. 003/L-073 on General Elections and Amendments 2010 (2008)

Article 2;

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 4; Article 48;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Electoral Code (2004)

Article 17; Article 30; Article 32;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - On Presidential and Jogorku Kenesh Elections (2015)

Article 22; Article 24; Article 25;

KYRGYZSTAN - Law on Elections of the President of the Republic and the Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh (2020)

Article 22; Article 24; Article 25;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to Municipal Councils (2012)

Article 43; Article 48; Article 49;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2012)

Article 46; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2016)

Article 46; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53;

LITHUANIA - Law on Elections to the Seimas (2018)

Article 46; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54;

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2012)

Article 41; Article 46;

LITHUANIA - Law on Presidential Elections (2013)

Article 46;

MEXICO - General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures of Mexico (2014)

MEXICO - General Law on Political Parties (2014)

Article 91;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

Article 116; Article 140; Article 173; Article 175; Article 204; Article 25; Article 51; Article 52; Article 69; Article 70;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

Article 129; Article 163; Article 165; Article 194; Article 46; Article 47; Article 63; Article 64; Article 64 (1); Article I. (18); Article I. (30. Article 85);

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 46; Article 47;

MOLDOVA- Law on the Election of the President (1996)

Article 23;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

Article 51; Article 53; Article 53 (a); Article 56; Article 6; Article 62;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

Article 51; Article 53; Article 53a; Article 56; Article 62;

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

Article 181 (a); Article 182; Article 183 ; Article 75; Article 75 (a); Article 75 (b); Article 75 (c); Article 75 (d); Article 75 (e); Article 75 (f); Article 70;

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 116; Article 116 (a); Article 117 ; Article 118; Article 119; Article 120; Article 160 ;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

Article 117; Article 118; Article 120;

POLAND - Election of the President (2004)

Article 83; Article 83a (a);

POLAND - Parliamentary Election Law (2001)

Article 182;

PORTUGAL - Electoral Law (2015)

Article 133; Article 134; Article 56; Article 62; Article 63;

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

Article 62; Article 63;

PORTUGAL - National Election Commission (1978)

Article 5;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

Article 102; Article 22; Article 24; Article 98;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 70; Article 72; Article 89; Article 90;

ROMANIA - Law for the Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2022)

Article 68; Article 69; Article 70;

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 76; Article 80;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

Article 66; Article 67; Article 68;

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

Article 66; Article 67; Article 68;

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 66; Article 68; Article 69; Article 74;

ROMANIA - Law no. 33 on the Rules and Regulations on the Elections to the european Parliament (2009)

Article 18 ;

ROMANIA - Law No. 370 (2024)

Article 36; Article 38; Article 39; Article 40;

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 36; Article 40;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the President of Romania (2022)

Article 36; Article 38; Article 39; Article 40;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

Article 66; Article 67; Article 68;

ROMANIA - Law on the Organisation and Conduct of the Elections to the European Parliament (2022)

Article 38;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 38;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 48; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 47; Article 48; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 9;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 41; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 8;

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Provisions Regulating the Election Campaign ()

Article 4;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2020)

Article 48; Article 5; Article 50;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

Article 141; Article 142; Article 143; Article 144; Article 170; Article 175; Article 6;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Article 50;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 51;

SERBIA - The Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (1997)

Article 5;

SLOVAKIA - Act amending the Act of the Slovak National Council No 80/1990 Coll. on Elections to the Slovak National Council, in Wording of later Regulations, and on Amendments to Certain Acts (1999)

Article 3;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election Campaign (2019)

Article 10; Article 11 ; Article 13;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election of the President of the Slovak Republic, Plebiscite, Recalling of President and Amending of some other Acts (2008)

Article 1 (Section 15 );

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 24;

SLOVAKIA - Law on Procedure of the Election of the President, on Plebiscite and Removal of the President and on Supplementation of several other Laws (1999)

Article 15; Article 15;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (2013)

Article 6; Article 7;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (ZVRK) (2007)

Article 6; Article 7;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

Article 66;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 181 (a); Article 182; Article 183; Article 70; Article 75; Article 75 (a); Article 75 (b); Article 75 (c); Article 75 (d); Article 75 (e); Article 75 (f);

TÜRKIYE - Law Concerning Referendums on Constitutional Amendments (2010)

Article 5;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 55A;

TÜRKIYE - Presidential Elections Law (2013)

Article 13;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 12; Article 49; Article 51; Article 54; Article 55;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Article 12 ; Article 49; Article 51; Article 54; Article 55 ;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 68; Article 69; Article 70;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

Article 107. ; Article 11.; Article 3.; Article 66.; Article 68.; Article 71. ; Article 72. ;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the President (2004)

Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 63;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the Legislative Initiative of the Citizens (2018)

Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 74;

ALBANIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2009)

Paragraph 32; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38;

ARMENIA - Joint Final Opinion on The Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 9;

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 8;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 17 ; Paragraph 45; Paragraphe 45;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Referendum (2017)

Paragraph 66; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 9;

ARMENIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Amendemnts to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 68;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36;

BELARUS - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2006)

Paragraph 60; Paragraph 62;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Election Code (2014)

Paragraph 58; Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2011)

Paragraph 9;

Comparative Report on thresholds and other features of electoral systems which bar parties from access to Parliament (2008)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 6;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Election Code, the Law on Political Associations of Citizens and the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Georgia (2021)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 71;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code and to the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Georgia (2023)

Paragraph 12;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 59; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 10;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2002)

Paragraph 59;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2004)

Paragraph 41;

Joint Report of the Venice Commission and of the Directorate of Information Society and Action Against Crime of the Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law - On Digital Technologies and Elections (2019)

Paragraph 51;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Laws on Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of the Parliament) (2017)

Paragraph 68;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Legal Framework of Governing the Funding of Political Parties and Electoral Campaigns (2017)

Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37;

MOLDOVA – Urgent joint opinion on the draft Law no. 263 amending the Electoral Code, the Contravention Code and the Code of Audiovisual Media Services (2020)

Paragraph 51;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 73; Paragraph 79;

MOLDOVA- Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 84;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 56; Paragraph 57;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 68;

MONTENEGRO - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of Members of Parliament and Councillors (2020)

Paragraph 60; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65;

MONTENEGRO- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Amendments to the Law on Election of Councillors and Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 3F (F);

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 14;

Principles for a Fundamental Rights-Complaint use of Digital Technologies in Electoral Processes (2020)

Referendums in Europe - An Analysis of the Legal Rules in European States (2005)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96; Paragraph 97; Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Report on the Thresholds and other Features of Electoral Systems which bar Parties from acces to Parliament (II) (2010)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 66;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

3.1 (15);

RUSSIAN FEDERATION- Opinion on the Federal Law on the Election of the Deputies of the State Duma (2012)

Paragraph 4.8.81 (.8.81);

SERBIA - Joint opinion on the constitutional and legal framework governing the functioning of democratic institutions - Electoral law and electoral administration (2022)

Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73;

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 51;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3F.44 (F.44); Paragraph 3H.60 (H.60);

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 50; Paragraph 54;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 86; Paragraph 89;

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