Council of Europe - Venice Commission

ALBANIA - Constitution (2016)

ALBANIA - Constitution of Albania (2020)

ANDORRA - Constitution (1993)

Article 52;

ARMENIA - Constitution (2015)

Article 169; Article 2; Article 48; Article 7; Article 88; Article 89; Article 90; Article 91; Article 92; Article 93; Article 95;

AUSTRIA - Extracts of the Costitution (2000)

Article 10; Article 10; Article 26; Article 26 (a); Article 26; Article 26 (a); Article 27; Article 27; Article 35;

BELARUS - Constitution (2004)

Article 72; Article 91;

BELGIUM - Constitution (2020)

Article 195; Article 39 (ter); Article 42; Article 43; Article 46; Article 61; Article 63; Article 65; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69;

BELGIUM - Extracts of the Constitution (2001)

Article 61; Article 67;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Constitution (1995)

Article 4;

BULGARIA - Constitution (2015)

Article 42;

BULGARIA - Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria (2023)

Article 42; Article 64; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67;

CANADA - Constitution (2020)

Article 4; Article 41; Article 51;

CROATIA - Constitution (2010)

Article 45;

CROATIA - Extracts of the Constitution (2013)

Article 45;

CYPRUS- Constitution of Cyprus (1960)

Article 62; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 72; Article 93; Article 95; Article 97;

CZECH REPUBLIC - Constitution (1993)

Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 24; Article 25; Article 40;

DENMARK- Extracts of the Constitution (1953)

Article 28; Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33;

ESTONIA - Extracts of the Constitution (2025)

Article 56; Article 60 ; Article 78 ;

FINLAND - Constitution (2011)

Article 25; Section 14;

FINLAND - Constitution (2018)

Section 24; Section 25; Section 26; Section 27; Section 3; Section 58;

FRANCE - Extracts of the Constitution (1995)

Article 24; Article 25;

GEORGIA - Constitution (2020)

Article 25; Article 37; Article 38; Article 58;

GEORGIA - Extracts of Constitution (2006)

Article 28; Article 81;

GERMANY - Basic Law for the Federal Republic (2014)

Article 38; Article 39; Article 51;

GERMANY - Constitution (2022)

Article 38; Article 39; Article 51;

GERMANY - Extracts of the Constitution (1976)

Article 28; Article 39; Article 51;

GERMANY - Extracts of the Constitution (1969)

Article 38; Article 39; Article 51;

GREECE- Extracts of the Constitution (1975)

Article 53;

HUNGARY - Extracts of the Constitution (2013)

Article 2; Article XXIII;

ICELAND - Constitution (1999)

Article 11; Article 31;

IRELAND - Extracts of the Constitution (1937)

Article 16; Article 18; Article 19;

ITALY - Extracts of the Constitution (1947)

Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 60;

ITALY - Extracts of the Constitution (2024)

Article 56; Article 57; Article 58 ; Article 60; Article 61 ; Article 87 ;

KOREA - Constitution (1987)

Article 41; Article 42;

KOSOVO - Constitution (2015)

Article 113; Article 148; Article 64; Article 66; Article 71; Article 73;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Constitution (2011)

Article 52; Article 70;

LATVIA - Constitution (2019)

Article 10; Article 11; Article 12; Article 13; Article 14; Article 15; Article 48; Article 49; Article 5; Article 6; Article 7; Article 8; Article 9;

LIECHTENSTEIN- Extracts of the Constitution (1921)

Article 46; Article 47; Article 50; Article 51; Article 53;

LUXEMBOURG- Extracts of the Constitution (1994)

Article 51; Article 54;

MALTA- Extracts of the Constitution (1992)

Article 52; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 77;

MOLDOVA - Extracts of the Constitution (1994)

Article 135;

MONTENEGRO - Constitution (2013)

Article 84;

MOROCCO - Constitution (2011)

Article 132; Article 62;

NETHERLANDS- Extracts of the Constitution (1983)

Article 14; Article 4; Article 53; Article 54;

NORWAY - Constitution (2023)

Article 43; Article 49; Article 50; Article 54; Article 55; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 61; Article 62; Article 64;

NORWAY - Constitution (2016)

Article 58; Article 59; Article 62;

POLAND - Extracts of the Constitution (1997)

Article 228; Article 99;

ROMANIA - Constitution Excerpts (2003)

Article 37; Article 62; Article 63; Article 82;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Extracts of the Constitution (1993)

Article 84; Article 96;

SAN MARINO - Constitution (1974)

Article 2;

SERBIA - Constitution (2006)

Article 100; Article 101;

SLOVAKIA - Constitution (2002)

Article 129; Article 89;

SLOVENIA - Constitution (2016)

Article 82;

SLOVENIA - Constitution (2013)

Article 81;

SLOVENIA - Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia ()

Article 81;

SLOVENIA - Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia (1991)

Article 81;

SPAIN - Extracts of the Constitution (1978)

Article 23; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 99;

SWEDEN - Extracts of the Constitution (2018)

Article 1; Article 1; Article 10; Article 11; Article 11; Article 12; Article 13; Article 2; Article 3; Article 4; Article 5; Article 6; Article 7; Article 8; Article 9;

SWITZERLAND - Constitution (2020)

Article 136; Article 149; Article 150;

SWITZERLAND - Extracts of the Constitution (2005)

Article 72; Article 73; Article 76; Article 77; Article 80; Article 81;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (2021)

Article 136; Article 143; Article 144; Article 145; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (1999)

Aricle 150; Article 149; Article 152; Article 157; Article 159; Article 161;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (2015)

Article 136;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Extracts of the Constitution (1995)

Article 67;

TUNISIA - Constitution (2014)

Article 50; Article 53; Article 55; Article 56; Article 61; Article 89;

TÜRKIYE - Extracts of the Constitution (2001)

Article 114; Article 116; Article 75; Article 76; Article 77; Article 78;

UKRAINE - Constitution (1996)

Article 106; Article 76; Article 76; Article 77;

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA - Constitution (1992)

Article 1 (Section 4);

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2008)

Article 162; Article 163; Article 74; Article 9;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2003)

Article 14; Article 45; Article 65; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 7; Article 78; Article 84; Article 85;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code (2015)

Article 69; Article 8; Article 9;

ALBANIA - Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania (2020)

Article 1 ; Article 104; Article 161; Article 162; Article 163; Article 179; Article 2 ; Article 29; Article 4 ; Article 63; Article 68; Article 69; Article 74; Article 76; Article 8 ; Article 9 ; Article 97; Article 98 ;

ANDORRA - Electoral Law (2007)

Article 47; Article 48; Article 50; Article 51; Article 57; Article 58;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2002)

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2021)

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2022)

Article 1 ; Article 10 ; Article 100 ; Article 101 ; Article 102; Article 103; Article 104. ; Article 11 ; Article 12 ; Article 122; Article 13; Article 17 ; Article 19 ; Article 2; Article 21 ; Article 24 ; Article 26 ; Article 39 ; Article 5 ; Article 51 ; Article 52 ; Article 56 ; Article 58 ; Article 59 ; Article 60 ; Article 61 ; Article 62 ; Article 67 ; Article 68 ; Article 69; Article 7; Article 71 ; Article 73 ; Article 74 ; Article 75; Article 76 ; Article 77 ; Article 8 ; Article 81 ; Article 82 ; Article 83 ; Article 84 ; Article 85 ; Article 86; Article 87 ; Article 88 ; Article 89 ; Article 90 ; Article 91 ; Article 92 ; Article 93 ; Article 93 (1); Article 94 ; Article 95 ; Article 96 ; Article 97 ; Article 98 ; Article 99 ;

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2016)

ARMENIA - Electoral Code (2018)

ARMENIA- Electoral Code (2007)

AUSTRIA - Federal Law on the Election of the National Council (National Council Election Regulation 1992 – NRWO) (1992)

Article 1; Article 106; Article 107; Article 108; Article 109; Article 111; Article 112; Article 113; Article 12; Article 128; Article 15; Article 2; Article 4; Article 5; Paragraph 31;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2003)

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2013)

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code (2019)

Article 1; Article 143; Article 16; Article 7;

AZERBAIJAN - Election Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan (last amended 2024) (2003)

Article 1; Article 143; Article 16; Article 7;

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2000)

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2015)

BELARUS - Electoral Code (2013)

BELGIUM - Electoral Code (2014)

BiH – Election Law last (amended 2024) (2001)

*Article 10 (12); 9 (6); 9 (7); Article 1 (1); Article 10 (1); Article 10 (2); Article 10 (2); Article 10 (3); Article 10 (4); Article 10 (5); Article 10 (6); Article 10 (7); Article 10 (8); Article 10 (8.A); Article 10 (9); Article 10 (10); Article 10 (11); Article 10 (13); Article 10 (14); Article 10 (15); Article 10 (16); Article 10 (17); Article 10 (18); Article 11 (1); Article 11 (2); Article 11 (3); Article 11 (4); Article 11 (5); Article 11 (6); Article 11 (7); Article 11 (8); Article 11 (8.A); Article 11 (9); Article 11 (10); Article 11 (11); Article 11 (12); Article 11 (13); Article 11 (14); Article 11 (15); Article 11 (16); Article 4 (23); Article 4 (24); Article 9 (1); Article 9 (2); Article 9 (2.a); Article 9 (4); Article 9 (5); Article 9 (7.a); Article 9 (8); Article 9 (9); Article 9 (10); Article 9 (11); Article 9 (12); Article 9 (12.a); Article 9 (12.b); Article 9 (12.c); Article 9 (12.d); Article 9 (12.e); Article 9 (12.f); Article 9 (12.g); Article 9 (12.h); Article 9 (12.i);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 1 (1); Article 10 (1); Article 10 (2); Article 10 (3²); Article 10 (4); Article 10 (5); Article 10 (6); Article 10 (7); Article 10 (8); Article 10 (8A); Article 10 (9); Article 10 (10); Article 10 (11); Article 10 (12); Article 10 (13); Article 10 (14); Article 10 (15); Article 10 (16); Article 10 (17); Article 10 (18); Article 11 (1); Article 11 (2); Article 11 (3³); Article 11 (4); Article 11 (5); Article 11 (6); Article 11 (7); Article 11 (8); Article 11 (9); Article 11 (10); Article 11 (11); Article 11 (12); Article 11 (13); Article 11 (14); Article 11 (15); Article 11 (16); Article 12g; Article 4 (24); Article 9 (1); Article 9 (2); Article 9 (2a); Article 9 (4); Article 9 (5); Article 9 (6); Article 9 (7); Article 9 (7a); Article 9 (8); Article 9 (9); Article 9 (10); Article 9 (11); Article 9 (12); Article 9 (12a); Article 9 (12a); Article 9 (12c); Article 9 (12d); Article 9 (12e); Article 9 (12f); Article 9 (12h); Article 9 (12i);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2016)

Article 1.1; Article 11.1; Article 11.10; Article 11.11; Article 11.12; Article 11.13; Article 11.14; Article 11.15; Article 11.16; Article 11.2; Article 11.3; Article 11.4; Article 11.6; Article 11.8 (a); Article 11.9; Article 15.10; Article 18.2; Article 20.13; Article 9.12 (g);

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINIA - Election Law (2001)

Article 10.01 (.01); Article 9.01 (.01); Article 9.02 (.02); Article 9.03 (.03); Article 9.04 (.04); Article 9.05 (.05); Article 9.06 (.06); Article 9.07 (.07); Article 9.08 (.08); Article 9.09 (.09); Article 9.10 (.10); Article 9.11 (.11); Article 9.12 (.12);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2018)

*Article 10 (12); Article 1 (1); Article 10 (1); Article 10 (2); Article 10 (3); Article 10 (4); Article 10 (5); Article 10 (6); Article 10 (7); Article 10 (8); Article 10 (8a); Article 10 (9); Article 10 (10); Article 10 (11); Article 10 (13); Article 10 (14); Article 10 (15); Article 10 (16); Article 10 (17); Article 10 (18); Article 11 (1); Article 11 (2); Article 11 (3); Article 11 (4); Article 11 (5); Article 11 (6); Article 11 (7); Article 11 (8); Article 11 (8a); Article 11 (9); Article 11 (10); Article 11 (11); Article 11 (13); Article 11 (13); Article 11 (14); Article 11 (15); Article 11 (16); Article 4 (24); Article 9 (1); Article 9 (2); Article 9 (2a); Article 9 (4); Article 9 (5); Article 9 (6); Article 9 (7); Article 9 (7a); Article 9 (8); Article 9 (9); Article 9 (10); Article 9 (11); Article 9 (12); Article 9 (12a); Article 9 (12b); Article 9 (12c); Article 9 (12d); Article 9 (12e); Article 9 (12f); Article 9 (12g); Article 9 (12h); Article 9 (12i);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

Article 1 (1); Article 1.1 ; Article 10 (1); Article 10 (2); Article 10 (3 ); Article 10 (4); Article 10 (5); Article 10 (6); Article 10 (7); Article 10 (8A); Article 10 (9 ); Article 10 (10 ); Article 10 (11); Article 10 (12); Article 10 (13); Article 10 (14 ); Article 10 (15); Article 10 (16 ); Article 10 (17 ); Article 10 (18 ); Article 11 (1); Article 11 (2 ); Article 11 (3 ); article 11 (4); Article 11 (5); Article 11 (6); Article 11 (7 ); Article 11 (8 ); Article 11 (8A); Article 11 (9 ); Article 11 (10 ); Article 11 (11); Article 11 (12); Article 11 (13); Article 11 (14); Article 11 (15); Article 11 (16 ); Article 4 (24); Article 9 (1 ); Article 9 (2 ); Article 9 (2a ); Article 9 (4); Article 9 (5); Article 9 (6); Article 9 (7 ); Article 9 (7a); Article 9 (8); Article 9 (9); Article 9 (10 ); Article 9 (11); Article 9 (12); Article 9 (12a); Article 9 (12b); Article 9 (12c); Article 9 (12d); Article 9 (12e ); Article 9 (12f); Article 9 (12g); Article 9 (12h); Article 9 (12i);

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - Election Law (2022)

*Article 10 (12); Article 10 (1); Article 10 (2); Article 10 (3); Article 10 (4); Article 10 (5); Article 10 (6); Article 10 (7); Article 10 (8); Article 10 (8A); Article 10 (9); Article 10 (10); Article 10 (11); Article 10 (13); Article 10 (14); Article 10 (15); Article 11 (1); Article 11 (2); Article 11 (33); Article 11 (4); Article 11 (5); Article 11 (6); Article 11 (7); Article 11 (8); Article 11 (8A); Article 11 (9); Article 11 (10); Article 11 (11); Article 11 (12); Article 11 (13); Article 11 (14); Article 11 (15); Article 11 (16); Article 4 (24); Article 9 (1); Article 9 (2); Article 9 (2a); Article 9 (4); Article 9 (5); Article 9 (6); Article 9 (7); Article 9 (7a); Article 9 (8); Article 9 (9); Article 9 (10); Article 9 (11); Article 9 (12f); Article 9 (12a); Article 9 (12b); Article 9 (12c); Article 9 (12d); Article 9 (12e); Article 9 (12f); Article 9 (12g); Article 9 (12h); Article 9 (12i);

BULGARIA - Election Code (2019)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2020)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2021)

BULGARIA - Election Code (2014)

Article 101; Article 111; Article 117; Article 118; Article 124; Article 129; Article 131; Article 133; Article 134; Article 151; Article 152; Article 163; Article 165; Article 178; Article 2; Article 215; Article 241; Article 243; Article 244; Article 245 ; Article 246 ; Article 248 ; Article 25; Article 29; Article 299; Article 300; Article 302; Article 303; Article 304; Article 306; Article 31; Article 33; Article 34; Article 4; Article 59; Article 9 ; Article 90; I. General Provisions; III. Determining the mandates of independent candidates in the multi-mandate electoral regions; IV. Determining the seats under the proportional system in multi-mandate electoral regions; V. Personalizing seats by candidate lists; § 5; § 6;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2023)

Article 101; Article 111; Article 117; Article 118; Article 124; Article 129; Article 13; Article 130; Article 131; Article 133; Article 134; Article 151; Article 152; Article 163; Article 165; Article 178; Article 193; Article 2 ; Article 215; Article 241; Article 243; Article 244; Article 245; Article 246; Article 248; Article 25; Article 25; Article 29; Article 299; Article 30; Article 300; Article 302; Article 303; Article 304; Article 306; Article 31; Article 33; Article 34; Article 4 ; Article 60; Article 9 ; Article 90; Article I (Annex N° 1 to Art. 248); Article II (Annex N° 1 to Art. 248); Article III (Annex N° 1 to Art. 248); Article IV (Annex N° 1 to Art. 248); Article V (Annex N° 1 to Art. 248); Paragraph 5; Paragraph 6;

BULGARIA - Election Code (2017)

BULGARIA- Act on Election of Members of Parliament (2001)

Article 138;

CANADA - Elections Act (2019)

Article 477 (72); Article 57;

COSTA RICA - Electoral Act (2009)

ARTICLE 107; ARTICLE 142; ARTICLE 150; ARTICLE 151; ARTICLE 201; ARTICLE 204; ARTICLE 206; ARTICLE 207; ARTICLE 208; ARTICLE 262; ARTICLE 264; ARTICLE 89; ARTICLE 90;

CROATIA - Act on Amendments to the Act on the Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (2015)

Article 10; Article 12; Article 12; Article 13; Article 14; Article 16; Article 24; Article 26; Article 29; Article 35; Article 4; Article 45;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Members of Representative Bodies of Local and Regional Self-Government Units (2005)

Article 26; Article 3; Article 4; Article 6;

CROATIA - Act on Election of Municipality Heads, Mayors, County Prefects and Mayor of City of Zagreb (2007)

Article 1; Article 2;

CROATIA - Law on the Election of the President (2011)

Article 11;

CROATIA - Parliamentary Elections Act (2015)

CZECH REPUBLIC - Act on Elections to the Parliament (2006)

Article 16; Article 3; Article 48; Article 52a; Article 53; Article 54;

CZECH REPUBLIC- Act on Elections to the Parliament and on Amendments of Certain Other Acts (1995)

Article 16; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 37; Article 38; Article 39; Article 40; Article 41; Article 42; Article 43; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 66; Article 67; Article 68; Article 69; Article 7; Article 71; Article 72; Article 73; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 85; Article 90; Article 91; Article 92; Article 93; Article 97; Article 98; Article 99;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Election Act (2014)

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2019)

1; 10; 108; 109; 109 (a); 109 (b); 11; 110; 111; 112; 113; 114; 115; 116; 118; 119; 120; 121; 122; 123; 124; 125; 125 (a); 126; 126 (a); 126 (b); 126 (c); 126 (d); 126 (e); 126 (f); 126 (g); 129; 4; 6; 7; 8; 9;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2020)

1; 10; 108; 109; 109 (a); 109 (b); 11; 110; 111; 112; 113; 114; 115; 116; 118; 119; 12; 12 (a); 120; 121; 122; 123; 124; 125; 125 (a); 126; 126 (a); 126 (b); 126 (c); 126 (d); 126 (e); 126 (f); 126 (g); 129; 4; 6; 7; 8; 9;

DENMARK - Parliamentary Elections Act (2024)

DENMARK- Folketing (Parliamentary) Election Act (1987)

Article 39; Article 40; Article 6; Article 7; Article 83; Article 84; Article 87; Article 92;

DENMARK- Parliamentary Election Act (2009)

Article 87;

ESTONIA - Parliamentary Election Act (2002)

Article 1; Article 74; Article 75; Article 76; Article 79; Article 80; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 86;

ESTONIA - Parliamentary Election Act (2016)

§ 1.; § 12. ; § 13. ; § 14.; § 19. ; § 26. ; § 27. ; § 3. ; § 63. ; § 64. ; § 74. ; § 75.; § 85.3;

ESTONIA - Referendum Act (2002)

Article 64;

ESTONIA - Referendum Act (2016)

§ 3.;

ESTONIA – Referendum Act (2024)

Article 3 ; Article 64 ;

ESTONIA – Riigikogu Election Act (2024)

Article 1 ; Article 11; Article 12 ; Article 13 ; Article 14 ; Article 19 ; Article 19 (1); Article 19 (2); Article 2 ; Article 26; Article 3 ; Article 63; Article 64 ; Article 74 ; Article 75 ;

FINLAND - Election Act (2013)

FINLAND - Elections Act (2016)

GEORGIA - Election Code (2021)

GEORGIA - Election Code (2016)

GERMANY - Federal Elections Act (2013)

Section 35;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Law (1999)

Article 1; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 5; Article 52; Article 6;

GERMANY - Federal Electoral Regulations as of 2020 (2020)

Section 84;

GERMANY – Federal Elections Act (amended March 2024) (1993)

HUNGARY - Act C on Electoral Procedure (1997)

Article 86;

HUNGARY - Act CCIII of 2011 on the election of the Members of the National Assembly (2025)

Section 11 ; Section 13 ; Section 19 ; Section 21 ; Section 3; Section 4;

HUNGARY - Act CCIII of 2011 On the Elections of Members of Parliament (2011)

Section 19; Section 20; Section 20; Section 21; Section 22; Section 23; Section 24; Section 25; Section 4 ;

HUNGARY - Act CCIII on the Election of Members of the National Assembly (2021)

Section 11; Section 13 ; Section 19 ; Section 21 ; Section 3; Section 4 ;

HUNGARY - Act LXXXVII of 2013 on the Transparency of Campaign Costs related to the Election of the Members of the Parliament (2013)

Section 1; Section 15; Section 3 ;

HUNGARY - Act No XXXIV of 1989 on the Election of Members of Parliament (1989)

Article 1; Article 2; Article 4;

HUNGARY - Act XXIII of 2022 Amending Certain Electoral and Related Laws (2022)

Section 1; Section 17; Section 40;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (2024)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on election procedure (as of December 2024) (2025)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2018)

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (2013)

Annex 2; Section 1; Section 147 (A); Section 147 (F); Section 151; Section 22; Section 24; Section 243; Section 244; Section 245; Section 246; Section 247; Section 248; Section 249; Section 249 (A); Section 250; Section 251; Section 252; Section 253; Section 254; Section 255; Section 256; Section 257; Section 258; Section 259; Section 260; Section 261; Section 262; Section 263; Section 264; Section 266; Section 267; Section 267 (A); Section 268; Section 269; Section 270; Section 271; Section 272; Section 273; Section 274; Section 275; Section 277; Section 278; Section 279; Section 280; Section 281; Section 282; Section 283; Section 284; Section 285; Section 286; Section 287; Section 288; Section 289; Section 290; Section 291; Section 292; Section 293; Section 294; Section 295; Section 296; Section 297; Section 298; Section 299; Section 300; Section 326; Section 329; Section 331; Section 349; Section 353; Section 8; Section 86;

HUNGARY - Act XXXVI on Election Procedure (2021)

ICELAND - Act No. 24 Concerning Parliamentary Elections to the Althing (2008)

Article 122; Article 30;

ICELAND - Elections Act (2021)

ICELAND - Elections Act (2023)

IRELAND - Electoral Act (2016)

KOREA - Public Offical Election Act (2014)

218 (.4); Article 11; Article 111; Article 119; Article 121; Article 122 (.2); Article 13; Article 135 (.2); Article 138; Article 146; Article 15; Article 150; Article 157; Article 158 (.2); Article 16; Article 178; Article 184; Article 185; Article 189; Article 192; Article 193; Article 194; Article 196; Article 197; Article 2; Article 20; Article 200; Article 201; Article 207; Article 218; Article 218 (.14); Article 218 (.16); Article 218 (.18); Article 218 (.20); Article 218 (.25); Article 219; Article 222; Article 223; Article 226; Article 25; Article 265 (.2); Article 27; Article 27; Article 275; Article 277; Article 33; Article 34; Article 36; Article 47; Article 49; Article 53; Article 57; Article 60 (.2); Article 61; Article 61 (.2); Article 64; Article 65; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71; Article 72; Article 73; Article 79; Article 82; Article 82 (.2); Article 82 (.7); Article 91;

KOSOVO - Law No. 003/L-073 on General Elections and Amendments 2010 (2008)

Article 1; Article 10; Article 100; Article 101; Article 102; Article 103; Article 104; Article 105; Article 106; Article 11; Article 110; Article 111; Article 112; Article 113; Article 114; Article 115; Article 116; Article 117; Article 118; Article 119; Article 12; Article 120; Article 121; Article 122; Article 123; Article 13; Article 15; Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 2; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 37; Article 38; Article 39; Article 4; Article 40; Article 41; Article 42; Article 43; Article 44; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49; Article 5; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 7; Article 74; Article 8; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 88; Article 89; Article 9; Article 90; Article 91; Article 92; Article 93; Article 94; Article 95; Article 96; Article 97; Article 98; Article 99;

KOSOVO - Law on General Elections in the Republic of Kosovo (2023)

Article 1; Article 10; Article 100; Article 101; Article 102; Article 103; Article 104; Article 105; Article 106; Article 11; Article 110; Article 111; Article 112; Article 113; Article 114; Article 115; Article 116; Article 117; Article 118; Article 119; Article 120; Article 121; Article 13; Article 16; Article 17; Article 19; Article 2; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29 ; Article 30; Article 31; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 37; Article 38; Article 39; Article 4; Article 40; Article 41; Article 42; Article 43; Article 44; Article 46; Article 48; Article 49; Article 5; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 6; Article 74; Article 8; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 86; Article 87; Article 88; Article 89; Article 9; Article 90; Article 91; Article 92; Article 93; Article 94; Article 95; Article 96; Article 97; Article 98; Article 99;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - Electoral Code (2004)

Article 19; Article 69;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC - On Presidential and Jogorku Kenesh Elections (2015)

Article 5; Article 59; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 7;

KYRGYZSTAN - Law on Elections of the President of the Republic and the Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh (2020)

Article 13; Article 24; Article 30; Article 35; Article 5; Article 61; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 7;

LATVIA - Law on the Central Election Commission (1994)

Article 12;

LATVIA - Saeima Election Law (2022)

10. ; 11. ; 2.; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; 7. ; 8. ; 9. ; Section 17. ; Section 38. ; Section 39. ; Section 4. ; Section 41. ; Section 42. ; Section 45. ; Section 45. (1); Section 5. ; Section 50. ; Section 52. (1); Section 52. (2); Section 53. ; Section 54. ; Section 55. ; Section 6. ; Section 7. ; Section 8. ;

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2019)

LATVIA - The Saeima Election Law (2014)

10 (TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS); 4 ( TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS); Article 17; Article 38; Article 52 (2); Article 55;

MALTA - Act to Regulate the Formation, the Structures, Functioning and Financing of Political Parties and their Participation in Elections (2015)

Article 2;

MALTA - European Parliament Elections Act (2023)

Article 10;

MALTA - General Elections Act (2023)

Article 15; Article 17 ; Article 18 ; Article 21; Article 30 ; Article 7 ; Article 81;

MALTA- General Elections Act (1996)

Article 105; Article 15; Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 21; Article 30; Article 33; Article 44; Article 81;

MEXICO - General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures of Mexico (2014)

Article 207; Article 224; Article 226; Article 23; Article 24; Article 243; Article 251; Article 266; Article 317;

MEXICO - General Law on Political Parties (2014)

Article 83; Article 88; Article 89; Article 9 ; Article 94;

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2019)

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

MOLDOVA – Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (1989)

Article 2B1.1 (B1.1); Article 2E5 (E5); Article 2E7 (E7); Article 2Q6 (Q6); Article 2R7 (R7);

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (2013)

NETHERLANDS – Elections Act 2013 (as of 2025) (2013)

Article B 1; Article C 1; Article C 2; Article C 3; Article E 1; Article E 13; Article E 16; Article E 5; Article Ea 6; Article F 1; Article G 1; Article G 1 (a); Article G 2; Article G 2 (a); Article G 3; Article H 1; Article H 10 (a); Article H 12; Article I 17; Article M 1; Article P 7; Article Pa 1; Article Pa 10; Article Pa 11; Article Pa 12; Article Pa 13; Article Pa 14; Article Pa 15; Article Pa 16; Article Pa 17; Article Pa 18; Article Pa 19; Article Pa 2; Article Pa 20; Article Pa 21; Article Pa 22; Article Pa 23; Article Pa 24; Article Pa 25; Article Pa 25 (a); Article Pa 26; Article Pa 27; Article Pa 3; Article Pa 4; Article Pa 5; Article Pa 6; Article Pa 7; Article Pa 8; Article Pa 8a; Article Pa 9; Article Q 1; Article Q 2; Article Q 3; Article Q 4; Article Q 5; Article Q 6; Article Q 7; Article R 1; Article R 10; Article R 11; Article R 2; Article R 3; Article R 4; Article R 5; Article R 6; Article R 7; Article R 8; Article R 9; Article R 9 (a); Article S 1; Article S 1 (a); Article S 10; Article S 11; Article S 12; Article S 13; Article S 14; Article S 15; Article S 16; Article S 2; Article S 3; Article S 4; Article S 5; Article S 6; Article S 7; Article S 8; Article S 9; Article T 1; Article T 10; Article T 11; Article T 2; Article T 3; Article T 4; Article T 5; Article T 6; Article T 7; Article T 8; Article T 9; Article U 1; Article U 10; Article U 11; Article U 12; Article U 13; Article U 14; Article U 15; Article U 16; Article U 17; Article U 18; Article U 19; Article U 3; Article U 3 (a); Article U 4; Article U 5; Article U 6; Article U 7; Article U 8; Article U 9; Article Ua 1; Article Ua 2; Article Ua 3; Article Ua 4; Article V 1; Article V 3; Article V 4; Article V 4 (a); Article V 4 (b); Article V 6; Article X 3; Article Xa 1; Article Xa 2; Article Xa 3; Article Xa 4; Article Xa 4 (a); Article Xa 5; Article Y 10; Article Y 2; Article Y 23; Article Y 25; Article Y 26; Article Y 28; Article Y 29; Article Y 30; Article Y 35 (c); Article Y 39; Article Ya 21; Article Ya 25; Article Ya 29 (c); Article Ya 3 (b); Article Ya 30; Article Ya 31 (b); Article Ya 31 (c); Section Ya 31;

NORTH MACEDONIA - ELECTORAL CODE (2019)

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 1; Article 10; Article 11; Article 127; Article 134; Article 14; Article 143; Article 15; Article 150; Article 160 ; Article 172; Article 181 (a); Article 192; Article 193; Article 194; Article 195; Article 196; Article 197; Article 198; Article 199; Article 200; Article 201; Article 202; Article 203; Article 204; Article 238; Article 240; Article 247; Article 248; Article 249; Article 250; Article 251; Article 252; Article 253; Article 254; Article 255; Article 256; Article 257; Article 259; Article 26; Article 260; Article 261; Article 262; Article 263; Article 264; Article 265 ; Article 266; Article 267; Article 270; Article 273; Article 276; Article 277; Article 278; Article 279; Article 28; Article 280; Article 281; Article 282; Article 283; Article 284; Article 285; Article 286; Article 32; Article 5 ; Article 81; Article 84; Article 90;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

POLAND - Election Code Amendments (2023)

POLAND - Parliamentary Election Law (2001)

Article 1; Article 187; Article 194; Article 2; Article 3;

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

Article 11; Article 13; Article 14; Article 15; Article 16; Article 17; Article 172; Article 172 (a); Article 173; Article 18; Article 19; Article 20; Article 4; Article 5; Article 53; Article 54; Article 6; Article 7;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

ROMANIA - Law 115 for the Election of Local Public Administration, Authorities, Amending the Law of Local Public Adminsitration No. 215-2001 (2024)

Article 82;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

Article 1; Article 123; Article 2; Article 5;

ROMANIA - Law No. 288 (2015)

Article 1; Article 23; Article 24; Article 4; Article 5;

ROMANIA - Law No. 334 (2006)

Article 19; Article 28; Article 38; Article 6 ;

ROMANIA - Law no. 334/2006 on financing the activity of political parties and electoral campaigns (2006)

Article 15; Article 5;

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 36;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

ROMANIA - Regulations for the 2016 Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2015)

Article 42;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 1; Article 18; Article 2 ; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49; Article 49; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 72; Article 73;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

SAN MARINO - Compilation of Electoral Legislation ()

Article 46;

SAN MARINO - Electoral Procedures for the Special Polling Station of the State Hospital in the Elections of the Heads of the Township Councils and of the Township Councils and Amendments to Delegated Decree no. 117/2007 for Home Voting (2009)

Article 5;

SAN MARINO - Other Provisions Introduced by Qualified Law 1, 11 May 2007 (2007)

Article 25;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (1993)

Article 1;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (2000)

Article 1;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2011)

Article 8;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2020)

Article 8;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2020)

Article 1; Article 11; Article 25; Article 27; Article 3; Article 38; Article 88; Article 92;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

Article 1; Article 128; Article 131; Article 179; Article 5; Article 59; Article 60;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Article 3; Article 38; Article 88; Article 92;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 1; Article 115; Article 116; Article 117; Article 27;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of the President of the Republic (2022)

Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 35; Article 5;

SERBIA - The Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (1997)

Article 1; Article 11; Article 25; Article 27;

SLOVAKIA - Act on conditions for the exercise of the right to vote (2019)

Article 1; Article 42; Article 43; Article 44; Article 66; Article 67 ; Article 68; Article 69; Article 70; Article 71 ; Article 8 ;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election Campaign (2019)

Article 10; Article 14; Article 3 ;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the National Council (2004)

Section 13; Section 25; Section 3; Section 51;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (2013)

Article 1; Article 23; Article 24; Article 27; Article 28; Article 3; Article 31; Article 38 (a); Article 38 (b); Article 38 (c); Article 39;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (ZVRK) (2007)

Article 1 ; Article 23; Article 24; Article 27; Article 28 ; Article 3; Article 31; Article 39;

SLOVENIA - Local Elections Act (2023)

Article 45 ;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2017)

Article 1; Article 111; Article 12; Article 13; Article 17; Article 2; Article 20; Article 3; Article 37;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2024)

Article 1 ; Article 111; Article 12; Article 13 ; Article 17 ; Article 2; Article 3; Article 37;

SLOVENIA - National Assembly Elections Act (2006)

Article 1; Article 111; Article 12; Article 13; Article 13; Article 17; Article 2; Article 20; Article 3; Article 37;

SLOVENIA – National Assembly Election Act (as of February 2024) (1992)

Article 1; Article 111; Article 12; Article 13; Article 17; Article 2; Article 20; Article 3; Article 37;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 1; Article 111; Article 12; Article 13; Article 14; Article 15; Article 16; Article 19; Article 4;

SWEDEN - Elections act (2021)

1.3; 10.2; 11.2; 13.1; 14.10; 14.11; 14.12; 14.14; 14.18; 14.19; 14.20; 14.25; 14.27; 14.28; 14.29 ; 14.30; 14.31; 14.4; 14.5; 14.8; 14.9; 2.10; 2.5; 2.6; 4.1; 4.2; 4.4; 5.2 ;

SWEDEN - Elections Act (2005)

Article 1 (Chapter 14); Article 11 (Chapter 15); Article 13 (Chapter 14); Article 14 (Chapter 14); Article 15 (Chapter 14); Article 18 (Chapter 14); Article 18 (Chapter 14); Article 19 (Chapter 14); Article 21 (Chapter 14); Article 25 (Chapter 14); Article 28 (Chapter 14); Article 29 (Chapter 14); Article 30 (Chapter 14); Article 31 (Chapter 14); Article 6 (Chapter 14); Article 7 (Chapter 14); Article 8 (Chapter 14); Article 9 (Chapter 14);

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2022)

Article 54; Article 55; Article 57;

SWITZERLAND - Federal Act on Political Rights (2015)

Article 54; Article 55; Article 57;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Electoral Code (2015)

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Law on Election of Members of Parliament (1998)

Article 1; Article 101; Article 102; Article 103; Article 125; Article 2; Article 20; Article 8; Article 9;

TÜRKIYE - Amendments on Electoral Laws (2022)

Article 36 (Law On Political Parties (Law No. 2820));

TÜRKIYE - Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers (1999)

Article 17;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Parliamentary Elections (2018)

Article 1; Article 2; Article 6; Article 7; Article 8;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers (2014)

Additional Article 5; Article 1;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

Article 1;

TÜRKIYE - Parliamentary Elections (1983)

Article 7;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 13; Article 133; Article 134; Article 135; Article 136; Article 137; Article 138; Article 139; Article 140; Article 141; Article 142; Article 143; Article 145; Article 146; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 152; Article 153; Article 154; Article 155; Article 156; Article 158; Article 159; Article 160; Article 161; Article 162; Article 164; Article 165; Article 166; Article 167; Article 168; Article 169; Article 170; Article 171; Article 172; Article 173; Article 175; Article 176; Article 177; Article 178; Article 179; Article 180; Article 181; Article 182; Article 183; Article 184; Article 185; Article 186; Article 187; Article 188; Article 190; Article 191; Article 3; Article 5; Article 7; Paragraph 1;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Article 13 ; Article 133; Article 134; Article 135; Article 136; Article 137; Article 138; Article 139; Article 140; Article 141; Article 142; Article 143; Article 144; Article 145; Article 146; Article 147; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 152; Article 153; Article 154; Article 155; Article 156; Article 157; Article 158; Article 159; Article 160; Article 161; Article 162; Article 163; Article 164; Article 165; Article 166; Article 167; Article 168; Article 169; Article 170; Article 171; Article 172; Article 173; Article 174; Article 175; Article 176; Article 177; Article 178; Article 179; Article 180 ; Article 181; Article 182; Article 183; Article 184; Article 185; Article 186; Article 187; Article 188; Article 190; Article 191; Article 3 ; Article 5 ; Article 7 ;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of People's Deputies (2005)

Article 102; Article 115; Article 48;

UKRAINE - Law on Elections of the People's Deputies (2016)

UKRAINE - Law on the Central Election Commission (2004)

Article 19; Article 23;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2022)

Article 14;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2024)

14;

UNITED KINGDOM - Political Parties and Elections Act (2009)

Article 21; Article 24;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Amendements to the Constitution of 30 July of 2020 and to the Electoral Code of 5 Octobre 2020 (2020)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Practice (2011)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 9;

ALBANIA - Joint Recommendations on the Electoral Law and the Electoral Administration (2004)

Paragraph 51; Paragraph 91;

ALBANIA - Opinion on the Scope of the Power of the President to set the Dates of Elections (2019)

Paragraph 100; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 87;

ALBANIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2009)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92;

ARMENIA - Joint Interim Opinion on the new draft Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 2;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 20 ; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28 ; Paragraphe 24; Paragraphe 28;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draf Electoral Code (As of 18 April 2016) (2016)

ARMENIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Amendemnts to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 39;

ARMENIA - Second Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (As Amended on 30 June 2016) (2016)

Paragraph 30;

ARMENIA - Second Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Constitution (In Particular to Chapters 8, 9, 11 to 16) (2015)

Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 27; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 67;

ARMENIA- Opinion on the issue of the Immunity of Persons involved in the Electoral Process (2008)

Paragraph 38; Paragraph 9;

AZERBAIJAN - Final Opinion on the amendments to the Election Code (2005)

Paragraph 12;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA - Amicus Curiae Brief for the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina on the Mode of Election of Delegates to the House of Peoples of the Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2016)

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Opinion on different proposals for the Election of the Presidency (2006)

Paragraph 19; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Election Code (2014)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24;

Comparative Report on thresholds and other features of electoral systems which bar parties from access to Parliament (2008)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23;

CROATIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the State Election Commission (2006)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 33;

CROATIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Voters Lists (2007)

Paragraph 27;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Election Code, the Law on Political Associations of Citizens and the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Georgia (2021)

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 48;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2006)

Paragraph 22;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 3.12 (.12);

GEORGIA - Joint Urgent Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Draft Organic Law on: Making amendments and additions into the Organic Law-Election Code of Georgia (2005)

Paragraph 1; Paragraph 22;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Draft Revised Constitution (2017)

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2002)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 8;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2004)

Paragraph 5; Paragraph 51;

GEORGIA - Urgent Joint Opinion Revised Draft Amendments to the Election Code (2021)

Paragraph 25; Paragraph 37;

GEORGIA – Follow-up Opinion to the Joint Opinion of the Venice Commission and ODIHR on the Draft Amendments to the Election Code and to the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament (2024)

Paragraph 16; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29;

GERMANY - Joint Opinion on the Amendments to the Federal Election Act (2023)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 34; paragraph 50 ; Paragraph 57 ; Paragraph 58 ; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 7 ; Paragraph 8; Paragraph 9;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 116; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 84;

HUNGARY - Joint Opinion of the Act on the Elections of Members of Parliament (2012)

Paragraph 4.20 (.20); Paragraph 4.21 (.21);

HUNGARY - Joint Opinion on the 2020 Amendments to the Electoral Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 47;

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law "On Introduction of Amendments and Changes to the Constitution" (2016)

Paragrah 96; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 93; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 97;

KYRGYZSTAN - Urgent Amicus Curiae Brief Relating to the Postponement of Elections Motivated by Constitutional Reform (2020)

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Code and other Related Laws Concerning Ineligibility of Persons Connected to Political Parties Declared Unconstitutional (2023)

Paragraph 29; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 58;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Laws on Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of the Parliament) (2017)

Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 63; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 65; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinión on the Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of the Parliament) (2018)

Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23;

MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Legal Framework of Governing the Funding of Political Parties and Electoral Campaigns (2017)

Paragraph 33;

MOLDOVA – Urgent joint opinion on the draft Law no. 263 amending the Electoral Code, the Contravention Code and the Code of Audiovisual Media Services (2020)

Paragraph 19; Paragraph 22;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Draft Working Text amending the Election Code (2010)

Paragraph 4.16 (.16);

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 30;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 81;

MONTENEGRO - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of Members of Parliament and Councillors (2020)

Paragraph 57;

MONTENEGRO- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Amendments to the Law on Election of Councillors and Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 2.6 (.6); Paragraph 3A (A); Paragraph 3B (B);

MONTENEGRO- Opinion on the Compatibility of the Existing Legislation Concerning the Organisation of Referendums with Applicable International Standards (2005)

Paragraph 3; Paragraph 45;

NORWAY- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Legislation (2010)

Paragraph 4;

Report on Choosing the Date of an Election (2007)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 3; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 36;

Report on Democracy, Limitation of Mandates and Incompatibility of Political Functions (2012)

Paragraph 44; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 71; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85; Paragraph 87; Paragraph 88;

Report on Dual Voting For Persons Belonging to National Minorities (2008)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 56;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Report on Electoral Rules and Affirmative Action for National Minorities´Participation in Decision-Making Process in European Countries (2005)

Paragraph 20; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 64;

Report on Proportional Electoral Systems: The Allocation of seats inside the lists (open/closed) lists (2015)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 66;

Report on Term-Limits Part I - Presidents (2018)

Paragraph 89; Paragraph 9; Paragraph 91;

Report on Term-Limits Part II - Members of Parliament- Part III - Representatives elected at Sub-national and Local Level and Executive Officials electred at Sub-national and Local Level (2019)

Report on the Abolition of Restrictions on the right to vote in General Elections (2005)

Paragraph 24; Paragraph 44;

Report on the Compliance with Council of Europe and other International Standards of the Inclusion of a not Internationally Recognised Territory into a Nationwide Constituency for Parliamentary Elections (2019)

Paragraph 36; Paragraph 4; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 5; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 6; Paragraph 7;

Report on the Impact of Electoral Systems on Women's Representation in Politics (2009)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 100; Paragraph 102; Paragraph 103; Paragraph 107; Paragraph 108; Paragraph 11; Paragraph 111; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 124; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 49; Paragraph 50; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 76; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 86; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 94; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96; Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

Report on the Misuse of Administrative Resources during Electoral Processes (2013)

Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 48; Paragraph 51; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 58; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 62; Paragraph 64; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 74; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80;

Report on the Recall of Mayors and Local Elected Representatives (2019)

Paragraph 22; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 69; Paragraph 75; Paragraph 78; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 99;

Report on the Thresholds and other Features of Electoral Systems which bar Parties from acces to Parliament (II) (2010)

Report out-of Country Voting (2011)

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 122; Paragraph 123;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Opinion on the Law on the Partial Implementation of the Postal Vote (2024)

Paragraph 11;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA – Amicus curiae brief on the status of, and the measures concerning, successor parties of political parties declared unconstitutional (2026)

Paragraph 47; Paragraph 6;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA – Opinion on Law no. 100/2025 containing a set of legislative amendments aiming to combat electoral corruption (2026)

Paragraph 22; Paragraph 24;

SERBIA - Joint opinion on the constitutional and legal framework governing the functioning of democratic institutions - Electoral law and electoral administration (2022)

SERBIA - Joint Opinion onf the Draft Law on Altering and amending the Law on Election of Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 84.7 (.7); Paragraph 84.9 (.9); Paragraph 88; Paragraph 92;

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 8;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 14; Paragraph 157; Paragraph 158; Paragraph 160; Paragraph 161; Paragraph 162; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3B.16 (B.16); Paragraph 3D.24 (D.24); Paragraph 3D.26 (D.26);

TÜRKIYE - Joint Opinion on Amendments to the Electoral Legislation and Related "Harmonisation Laws" Adopted in March and April 2018 (2018)

Paragaph 32; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36;

TÜRKIYE - Joint Opinion on the Amendmets to the Electoral Legislation by Law No. 7393 of 31 March 2022 (2022)

Paragraph 26;

TÜRKIYE - Opinion on the Amendments to the Constituion Adopted by the Grand National Assembly on 21 January 2017 and to be Submitted to a National Referendum on 16 April 2017 (2017)

Paragraph 98; Paragraph 99;

TÜRKIYE - Opinion on the Replacement of Elected Candidates and Mayors (2020)

Paragraph 34; Paragraph 34; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 6;

TÜRKIYE - Opinion on the Suspension of the Second Paragraph of Article 83 of the Constitution (Parliamentary Inviolability) (2016)

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 7; Paragraph 8;

UKRAINE - Opinion on the Amendments to the Law on Elections Regarding the Exclusion of Candidates from Party Lists (2016)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 12; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 16; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 15; Paragraph 82;

UKRAINE- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the state register of voters of Ukraine submitted by people's Deputies of Ukraine, Mr O. Zadorozhny and Yu. Klyuchkovsky (2006)

Paragraph 22;

UKRANIE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law Amending Certain Legislative Acts Which Restrict the Participation in the State Power of Persons Associated with Political Parties Whose Activities are Prohibited by Law (2023)

Paragraph 13; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 15; Paragraph 23; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 49;

REPORT ON CONSTITUENCY DELINEATION AND SEAT ALLOCATION (2017)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 17; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 36;

Report on Electoral Systems - Overview of available solutions and selection criteria (2003)

Paragraph 101; Paragraph 104; Paragraph 105; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 57; Paragraph 66; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68; Paragraph 72; Paragraph 73; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 92;

Report on the compatibility of remote voting and electronic voting with the standards of the Council of Europe (2004)

Paragraph 10; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 33; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 46;