Council of Europe - Venice Commission

MOLDOVA - Electoral Code 2016 and 2017 Law for Amending and Completing Certain Legislative Acts (Electoral System for the Election of Parliament) (2017)

Article 166; Article 186; Article 188; Article 196; Article 26 (1);

MOLDOVA- Electoral Code (1997)

Article 122; Article 150; Article 151; Article 186; Article 188; Article 29; Article 31; Article 35; Article 38; Article 39; Article 49;

MOLDOVA_Electoral Code (amended 2025) (2025)

MONTENEGRO - Law on Election of Councillors and Representatives (2023)

MONTENEGRO - Law on the Election of the President (2023)

Article 2;

MONTENEGRO - Law on Voter Register (2023)

Article 13; Article 21; Article 30;

MONTENEGRO - The Decree on Proclamation of the Law on Election of the President of Montenegro (2016)

Article 2;

MONTENEGRO- Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives (2002)

Article 111; Article 111g; Article 118; Article 13; Article 15 Transitional; Article 22; Article 32; Article 35; Article 35a; Article 36; Article 36a; Article 37; Article 55 transitional; Article 64b; Article 68; Article 68a; Article 77; Article 8;

NETHERLANDS - Elections Act (2013)

Section A1; Section A2; Section A8; Section E1; Section E10; Section E11; Section E9; Section F1; Section F2; Section I1; Section I10; Section I11; Section I12; Section I13; Section I14; Section I16; Section I18; Section I2; Section I3; Section I4; Section I5; Section I6; Section I8; Section I9; Section J10; Section J22; Section J35; Section L11; Section L12; Section L7; Section M14; Section M17; Section M6; Section M6a; Section M8; Section M9; Section N11; Section N12; Section N13; Section N14; Section N16a; Section N19; Section N20; Section N21; Section O5; Section O6; Section P19a; Section R1; Section R2; Section S10; Section S11; Section S12; Section S13; Section S14; Section S5; Section S6; Section S7; Section T3; Section T9; Section U10; Section U13; Section U15; Section U2; Section U5; Section U7; Section U8; Section U9; Section V11; Section V12; Section V13; Section V15; Section V3; Section V4; Section V5; Section V6; Section V7; Section V8; Section W1; Section W2; Section W3; Section W4; Section W5; Section W7; Section X1; Section X10; Section X11; Section X12; Section X2; Section X3; Section X4; Section X5; Section X6; Section X7; Section X8; Section Y22a; Section Y22b; Section Y23; Section Y23a; Section Y25; Section Y26; Section Y27; Section Y28; Section Y29; Section Y30; Section Y30a; Section Y32; Section Y33; Section Y33a; Section Y34; Section Y35; Section Y35b; Section Y35c; Section Y36; Section Y38; Section Y6; Section Y8; Section Ya 3a; Section Ya1; Section Ya10a ; Section Ya11; Section Ya12; Section Ya13; Section Ya19; Section Ya2; Section Ya3; Section Ya34; Section Ya35; Section Ya36; Section Ya37; Section Ya40; Section Ya41; Section Ya42; Section Ya43; Section Ya44; Section Ya45; Section Ya46; Section Ya48; Section Ya8; Section Ya9; § 2-9. Regulations;

NORWAY - Election Act (2021)

Section 14 (2); Section 15 (6);

POLAND - Election Code (2019)

Article 12; Article 13; Article 13 (a); Article 13 (b); Article 14; Article 15; Article 16; Article 17; Article 191; Article 240; Article 241; Article 242; Article 243; Article 244; Article 245; Article 248; Article 26; Article 262; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 31; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36; Article 37; Article 39; Article 4; Article 42; Article 46; Article 47; Article 49; Article 50; Article 52; Article 53 (b); Article 53 (c); Article 53 (e); Article 53 (g); Article 53 (h); Article 53 (i); Article 53 (j); Article 53 (k); Article 55; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 6 ; Article 60; Article 7; Article 76; Article 79; Article 8; Article 80; Article 9;

POLAND - Election Code (2011)

POLAND - Election Code Amendments (2023)

POLAND - Election of the President (2004)

Article 11; Article 22; Article 26; Article 32a (a); Article 33; Article 37; Article 38; Article 59; Article 68; Article 7; Article 76; Article 76a (a); Article 8B (B);

PORTUGAL - Law Governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic (2020)

Article 103; Article 106 (f); Article 106 (g); Article 106 (h); Article 106 (i); Article 106 (j); Article 107; Article 108; Article 109; Article 110; Article 111; Article 111 (a); Article 112; Article 113; Article 114; Article 169; Article 170; Article 171; Article 19; Article 22; Article 22 (a); Article 23; Article 24; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 31; Article 36; Article 40; Article 40 (b); Article 42; Article 43; Article 44; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49; Article 50; Article 50 (a); Article 51; Article 52; Article 54; Article 65; Article 68; Article 69; Article 79 (c); Article 79 (d); Article 79 (e); Article 79 (f); Article 79 (g); Article 87; Article 90; Article 95;

REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA – Electoral Code (2022)

Article 12; Article 121; Article 122 ; Article 124; Article 125; Article 126; Article 127; Article 128; Article 129; Article 13; Article 130; Article 131; Article 132; Article 133; Article 134; Article 135; Article 136; Article 137; Article 138; Article 139; Article 14 ; Article 140; Article 141; Article 144; Article 145; Article 146; Article 148; Article 149; Article 150; Article 151; Article 152; Article 153; Article 154; Article 155; Article 162; Article 163; Article 164; Article 165; Article 166; Article 167; Article 168; Article 169; Article 170; Article 171; Article 173; Article 174; Article 175; Article 176; Article 178; Article 179; Article 180; Article 181; Article 182; Article 183; Article 184; Article 185; Article 186; Article 187; Article 188; Article 189; Article 19; Article 190; Article 192; Article 193; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 23; Article 24; Article 25; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 32; Article 32; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35; Article 36 ; Article 37; Article 38; Article 39; Article 40; Article 41; Article 42; Article 43; Article 44; Article 45; Article 46; Article 47 ; Article 48; Article 49; Article 50; Article 51; Article 52 ; Article 53; Article 54; Article 55 ; Article 56; Article 57; Article 58; Article 59; Article 60; Article 61; Article 62; Article 63; Article 65; Article 68; Article 69; Article 73 ; Article 75 ; Article 78; Article 79; Article 80; Article 81; Article 82; Article 83; Article 84; Article 85; Article 87 ; Article 88; Article 89; Article 91; Article 92; Article 93;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Electoral Code (2022)

ROMANIA - Law no. 115 for the election of local public administration authorities, amending the Law of local public administration no. 215/2001, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 393/2004 on the statute of local elected offi cials (2015)

Article 100; Article 110; Article 115; Article 121; Article 128; Article 129; Article 130; Article 20; Article 21; Article 22; Article 26; Article 29; Article 77; Article 78; Article 83; Article 87; Article 93;

ROMANIA - Law No. 208 (2015)

ROMANIA - LAW No. 208 of 20 July 2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2024)

ROMANIA - Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority (2015)

ROMANIA - Law No. 288 (2015)

Article 15; Article 15 (1); Article 16; Article 18; Article 19; Article 8; Article 9; Article 9;

ROMANIA - Law no. 288 on the postal voting, as well as amending and supplementing Law no. 208/2015 on the election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as on the organisation and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Auth (2015)

Article 15; Article 16; Article 17; Article 18; Article 19; Article 20; Article 5; Article 8; Article 9;

ROMANIA - Law no. 33 on the Rules and Regulations on the Elections to the european Parliament (2009)

Article 18 ; Article 18(1); Article 23(1); Article 23(3); Article 23(6); Article 7 ; Article 8 ; Article 9 (1) ;

ROMANIA - Law No. 334 (2006)

Article 57; Article 58;

ROMANIA - Law no. 334/2006 on financing the activity of political parties and electoral campaigns (2006)

Article 46; Article 47;

ROMANIA - Law No. 370 (2024)

ROMANIA - Law no. 370 on the election of the President of Romania Republished (2004)

Article 31; Article 40; Article 52; Article 53; Article 6; Article 66; Article 67; Article 71;

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the President of Romania (2022)

ROMANIA - Law on the Election of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the Organisation and Functioning of the Permanente Electoral Authority (2020)

ROMANIA - Law on the Organisation and Conduct of the Elections to the European Parliament (2022)

Article 28;

ROMANIA - Regulations for the 2016 Election of Local Public Administration Authorities (2015)

Article 101; Article 102; Article 103; Article 16; Article 28; Article 29; Article 30; Article 31; Article 39; Article 40; Article 41; Article 44; Article 45;

ROMANIA- Regulations on The Elections To The Chamber of Deputies and The Senate (2008)

Article 11; Article 12; Article 13 (1); Article 13 (3); Article 14; Article 16; Article 17; Article 19; Article 21; Article 35; Article 39; Article 42; Article 51; Article 69; Article 72; Article 73; Article 9 (1);

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens to Participate in a Referendum (2002)

Article 20; Article 43;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)

Article 60;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2016)

Article 99;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION - Federal Law on Presidential Elections in the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 63; Article 64; Article 65;

SERBIA - Decree on Enactment of the Election of the Federal Representatives to the Council of Citizens of the Federal Assembly Law (1993)

Article 35; Article 36; Article 61;

SERBIA - Law on Financing Political Activities (2019)

Article 31; Article 32; Article 34; Article 35; Article 43;

SERBIA - Law on Financing Political Activities (2022)

Article 31; Article 32; Article 34; Article 35 ; Article 36; Article 43;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2011)

Article 16; Article 17; Article 29; Article 35; Article 36; Article 37; Article 38; Article 8;

SERBIA - Law on Local Elections (2020)

Article 16; Article 17; Article 29; Article 35; Article 36; Article 37; Article 38; Article 40; Article 8;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Members of Parliament (2022)

SERBIA - Law on the Election of Representatives (2000)

Article 59; Article 60;

SERBIA - Law on the Election of the President of the Republic (2022)

Article 24; Article 31; Article 33; Article 34; Article 35;

SLOVAKIA - Act of the National Council on Local Elections (1998)

Article 15; Article 15;

SLOVAKIA - Act on conditions for the exercise of the right to vote (2019)

Article 103 ; Article 106 ; Article 115 ; Article 121 ; Article 149 ; Article 181 ; Article 202 ; Article 215 ; Article 217 ; Article 56; Article 86;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election Campaign (2019)

Article 9;

SLOVAKIA - Act on Election of the President of the Slovak Republic, Plebiscite, Recalling of President and Amending of some other Acts (2008)

Article 1 (Section 41);

SLOVAKIA - Act on Elections to the Bodies of Self-government Regions and on Amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure (2001)

Article 49; Article 5;

SLOVAKIA - Law on Procedure of the Election of the President, on Plebiscite and Removal of the President and on Supplementation of several other Laws (1999)

Article 11; Article 11; Article 38; Article 38; Article 39; Article 39; Article 53; Article 53;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (2013)

Article 9;

SLOVENIA - Elections and Referendum Campaign Act (ZVRK) (2007)

Article 9 ;

SLOVENIA - Local Elections Act (2023)

Article 104; Article 26 ; Article 44; Article 46; Article 47 ;

SLOVENIA- National Assembly Elections Act (2000)

Article 109; Article 33; Article 34; Article 78;

SPAIN - Representation of the People Institutional Act (2011)

Article 10; Article 11; Article 22; Article 28; Article 9;

SWEDEN - Elections act (2021)

14.27; 14.30; 14.31; 15.10; 15.11; 15.12; 15.13; 15.3; 15.5; 15.6; 15.7; 15.9; 3.3; 3.4; 3.5; 3.6; 3.7; 4.13; 4.17 ; 4.24; 4.8; 5.7;

SWEDEN - Elections Act (2005)

Article 1 (Chapter 15); Article 10 (Chapter 4); Article 11 (Chapter 15); Article 12 (Chapter 15); Article 13 (Chapter 8); Article 13 (Chapter 15); Article 14 (Chapter 15); Article 17 (Chapter 4); Article 18 (Chapter 4); Article 3 (Chapter 15); Article 30 (Chapter 14); Article 31 (Chapter 14); Article 6 (Chapter 15); Article 8 (Chapter 15); Article 9 (Chapter 4); Article 9 (Chapter 15);

SWEDEN - Swedish Code of Statutes: Mail Voting in Certain cases Act (2003)

Article 6; Article 8;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA - Law on Referendum and Other Forms of Direct Vote of Citizens (2005)

Article 34; Article 35; Article 42; Article 44; Article 46; Article 47; Article 48; Article 49;

TÜRKIYE - Amendments on Electoral Laws (2022)

Article 155 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg); Article 65 & 66 (Law On Basic Provisions Of Elections And Voter Reg);

TÜRKIYE - Law on Parliamentary Elections (2018)

Article 26; Article 38; Article 6; Article 7; Article 8;

TÜRKIYE - Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers with Amendments made by Laws 7062, 7102 and 7140 (2018)

Article 10; Article 9;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2020)

Article 136; Article 153; Article 195; Article 5; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 77; Article 78; Article 94; Article 97;

UKRAINE - Election Code (2022)

Article 136; Article 153; Article 195; Article 5 ; Article 62; Article 63; Article 64; Article 65; Article 77; Article 78; Article 94; Article 97;

UKRAINE - Law on All-Ukrainian and Local Referendums (1991)

Article 17; Article 21; Article 22; Article 25; Article 26; Article 27; Article 28; Article 30; Article 31; Article 32;

UNITED KINGDOM - Elections Act (2024)

53;

UNITED KINGDOM - European Parliamentary Elections Act (2002)

Article 3.15.8 (.15.8); Article 6;

ALBANIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on the Legislative Initiative of the Citizens (2018)

Paragraph 25; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 31; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40; Paragraph 41; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 50;

ALBANIA - Opinion on the Scope of the Power of the President to set the Dates of Elections (2019)

Paragraph 91;

ALBANIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2009)

Paragraph 9;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on Draft Amendments to the Electoral Code and Related Legislation (2023)

Paragraph 12; Paragraph 14; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 30; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 55; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 62; Paragraphe 30; Paragraphe 47; Paragraphe 54; Paragraphe 55; Paragraphe 59; Paragraphe 60; Paragraphe 61; Paragraphe 62;

ARMENIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the Legislation Concerning Political Parties (2020)

Paragraph 51;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Amendments to the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 20; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 22; Paragraph 23;

ARMENIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 11; Paragraph 13; Paragraph 17;

AZERBAIJAN - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on amendments and changes to the Electoral Code adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections and the Venice Commission (2008)

Paragraph 19; Paragraph 20; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47;

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA- Joint Opinion on amendments to the Election Law (2008)

Paragraph 27;

BULGARIA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2011)

Paragraph 13.b (.b );

CROATIA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Voters Lists (2007)

Paragraph 19;

GEORGIA - Joint opinion on draft amendments to the Election Code and the Law on Political Associations of Citizens (2022)

Paragraph 21; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 26; Paragraph 53;

GEORGIA - Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 84;

GEORGIA - Opinion on the Unified Election Code (2002)

Paragraph 26; Paragraph 35; Paragraph 50;

HAITI - Final Opinion on Possible Constitutional and Legislative Solutions to Conduct Future Electoral Processes (2024)

Paragraph 88; Paragraph 89; Paragraph 90; Paragraph 91; Paragraph 92; Paragraph 93;

HAITI - Opinion on the draft referendum decree (2025)

Section 55. ; Section 56. ;

HUNGARY - Joint Opinion on the 2020 Amendments to the Electoral Legislation (2021)

Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42;

KOSOVO - Kosovo - Opinion on the “draft law on amending and supplementing the Law no. 03/l-174 on the Financing of Political Entities (Amended and Supplemented by the Law no. 04/l-058 and the Law no. 04/l-122) and the Law no. 003/l-073 on General Elections (2018)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 24; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 32; Paragraph 53;

MEXICO- Opinion on the Draft Constitutional Amendments Concerning theElectoral System (2022)

Paragraph 39; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 52; Paragraph 60; Paragraph 61; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 68;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Election Code (2008)

Paragraph 41; Paragraph 94;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2007)

Paragraph 23;

MOLDOVA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 114;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Election Law (2003)

Paragraph 42; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 54; Paragraph 68;

MOLDOVA- Opinion on the Law of the Gagauz Autonomous Territorial Unit of the Election of the Governor of Gagauzia (2007)

Paragraph 35; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 37;

MONTENEGRO - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Elections of Members of Parliament and Councillors (2020)

Paragraph 66;

MONTENEGRO- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Amendments and Supplements to the Law on the Election of Councillors and Members of Parliament (2010)

Paragraph 3E.36 (E.36);

MONTENEGRO- Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on Amendments to the Law on Election of Councillors and Members of Parliament (2011)

Paragraph 3E (E);

PERU-Opinion on the draft amendment of Article 99 of the Constitution concerning the impeachment of members of election management bodies (2025)

Report on Choosing the Date of an Election (2007)

Paragraph 9 (a);

Report on Election Dispute Resolution (2020)

Paragraph 131; Paragraph 36; Paragraph 39; Paragraph 40;

Report on Electoral Law and Electoral Administration in Europe (2020)

Paragraph 162; Paragraph 164;

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA - Joint Opinion on the Draft Electoral Code (2022)

Paragraph 128; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 47; Paragraph 48;

Revised Code of Good Practice on Referendums (2022)

3.1 (28); 3.1 (29); 3.1 (30); 3.3 (36);

SERBIA - Joint opinion on the constitutional and legal framework governing the functioning of democratic institutions - Electoral law and electoral administration (2022)

Paragraph 102; Paragraph 103; Paragraph 104; Paragraph 105; Paragraph 155; Paragraph 27; Paragraph 44; Paragraph 79; Paragraph 80; Paragraph 81; Paragraph 82; Paragraph 83; Paragraph 84; Paragraph 85;

SERBIA - Joint Recommendations on the Laws on Parliamentary, Presidential and Local Elections and Electoral Administration (2006)

Paragraph 23; Paragraph 53; Paragraph 56; Paragraph 77; Paragraph 78;

SERBIA - Urgent Opinion on the Draft Law on the Referendum and the People's Initiative (2021)

Paragraph 37;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code (2006)

Paragraph 103; Paragraph 124; Paragraph 130; Paragraph 157; Paragraph 158; Paragraph 159; Paragraph 160; Paragraph 161; Paragraph 162; Paragraph 172; Paragraph 175; Paragraph 176; Paragraph 177; Paragraph 178; Paragraph 179; Paragraph 95; Paragraph 96; Paragraph 97;

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- Joint Opinion on the Revised Electoral Code (2011)

Paragraph 3G.51 (G.51); Paragraph 3O.96 (O.96);

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law "On Improving the Procedure for Establishing the Impossibility of Holding National and Local Elections, All-Ukranian and Local Referendums in Certain Territories and Polling Stations" (2021)

Paragraph 41; Paragraph 42; Paragraph 43; Paragraph 46; Paragraph 47;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law No. 3366 about Elections to the Parliament (2009)

Paragraph 28; Paragraph 29; Paragraph 38; Paragraph 39;

UKRAINE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law on state register of voters (2007)

Paragraph 16;

UKRAINE - Urgent Joint Opinion on the Draft Law 3612 on Democracy Through All-Ukraine Referendum (2020)

Paragraph 95;

UKRANIE - Joint Opinion on the Draft Law Amending Certain Legislative Acts Which Restrict the Participation in the State Power of Persons Associated with Political Parties Whose Activities are Prohibited by Law (2023)

Paragraph 53;

UNITED KINGDOM - Opinion on the Electoral Law (2007)

Paragraph 17; Paragraph 18; Paragraph 45; Paragraph 67; Paragraph 70; Paragraph 73;

REPORT ON CONSTITUENCY DELINEATION AND SEAT ALLOCATION (2017)

Paragraph 105; Paragraph 106; Paragraph 108; Paragraph 114; Paragraph 115; Paragraph 117; Paragraph 119; Paragraph 21; Paragraph 99;